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    Effects of hypertonic saline, HAES and dimethylsulphoxide on free oxygen radicals in haemorrhagic shock oxygen radicals in haemorrhagic shock.
    (2003) Bayir A.; Kafali M.E.; Ak A.; Sahin M.; Karagözoglu E.; Gül M.; Karabulut K.
    BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of antioxidant and resuscitation fluids which were used during haemorrhagic shock on tissue ischemia. METHODS: Forty New Zealand type rabbits were divided into four groups as C (control), I (hypertonic saline), H (HAES) and D (Dimethylsulphoxide-DMSO). Haemorrhagic shock was induced by bleeding from carotid artery. Thirty minutes after shock, Group C was not resuscitated while Group I was resuscitated with Hypertonic saline 7.2, Group H with 10 % HAES and Group D with HAES 10 % and DMSO. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and lactate levels in blood, liver and small bowel samples were measured. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the groups tissue and plasma TBARS and lactate levels. CONCLUSION: Resuscitation fluids and addition of antioxidants to the resuscitation fluids do not have any superiorities over each other to prevent tissue ischemic insult in haemorrhagic shock.
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    The favorable effects of vitamine e added on treatment of experimental acute organic phosphorus toxicity [Deneysel akut organik fosfor toksisitesi tedavisine eklenen e vitaminin olumlu etkileri]
    (2011) Bayir A.; Yildiz M.; Kara H.; Köylü O.; Kocabaş R.; Ak A.
    Objectives: Oxidative stress by increased production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated in the toxicity of many pesticides. The tissue levels of ROS are one of the most important indicator of tissue injury. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of vitamin E treatment in acute organophosphate poisoning (AOP) on choline esterase (CE) and Malondialdehit (MDA) levels in the liver tissue and blood and to compare with antidote treatment. Methods: Twenty New Zaeland type rabbits were divided into randomly three groups as sham (n=8), pralidoxime (PAM)+atropine (n=6), and vitamin E (n=6). blood samples were taken from each test subjects to measure plasma CE, serum and erythrocyte MDA values before toxicity. 50 mg/kg 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate were given to all subjects orogastrically. The PAM-atropine group were given 30 mg/kg IV bolus, then 15 mg/kg PAM and 0.05 mg/kg atropine IV every 4 hours. The vitamin E group received 250 mg/kg vitamin E single dose IM in addition to same atropine and PAM treatment. Blood samples were obtained from the all subjects in the 12th and 24th hours followed by the initiation of treatment. The liver tissue samples were obtained to evaluate in order to evaluate same parameters. The test subjects were sacrificed by high dose IV anesthesia. Results: The erythrocyte MDA of vitamin E group was significantly lower than PAM-atropine group (p=0.003). Liver tissue CE level of vitamin E group was considerably higher than PAM-atropine group (p<0.001). Liver tissue MDA of vitamin E group was significantly lower than PAMatropine group (p<0.001). Conclusions: Included in the treatment of acute AOF toxicity, vitamin E has a curative effect on both erythrocyte and liver tissue lipid peroxidation and tissue CE activity.
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    Reversible myocarditis after spider bite
    (2013) Kara H.; Ak A.; Bayir A.; Avci A.
    Black widow spiders (Latrodectus tredecimguttatus) are poisonous spiders endemic in Turkey. Latrodectus bites may cause myocarditis with increased cardiac enzymes. We treated two men (aged 20 and 33 years) who had myocarditis after black spider bites with leucocytosis and elevated levels of troponin I, creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB fraction. Both patients had normal results on an ECG, and one patient had abnormal echocardiography with minimal left ventricular wall movement disorder. Both patients were hospitalised in the intensive care unit and treated with intravenous fl uids, analgesics, spasmolytic drugs, tetanus prophylaxis and cardiac monitoring. The levels of troponin I, creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB fraction improved, and the patients were discharged home on the third and fifth hospital day without complications. Myocarditis after a Latrodectus bite is rare, but may be associated with serious complications. Therefore, in regions endemic with Latrodectus spiders, prudent treatment of spider bites may include cardiac evaluation and monitoring. Copyright 2013 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.