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    Application of sequencing batch biofilm reactor for treatment of sewage wastewater treatment: effect of power failure
    (DESALINATION PUBL, 2014) Aygun, Ahmet; Nas, Bilgehan; Berktay, Ali; Ates, Havva
    The operational performance of the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) for treating the university campus wastewater was evaluated. The effects of power failure on performance of processes were investigated by comparing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) removal, sludge settling properties and microorganism's morphological properties by using SEM photos. The experiments were carried out at four 2-L reactors made from plexiglas. Three in four reactors were operated as SBBR. SBBRs were filled with the kaldnes biomedia K1 to 40, 50 and 60% of the volume of empty reactor. SBR and SBBRs were operated at 6/24 h cycling periods on a day that consisted of wastewater fill (30 min), reaction (4 h), settling (1 h) and draw (30 min), summed up to 6 h with the hydraulic residence time of 7.5 h. The effect of filling ratio on SBBR performance was also determined. In normal operation, average COD removal rates were calculated as 86, 88.5, 90.6 and 94.2% for SBR, SBBR1, SBBR2 and SBBR3, respectively. Power failure is one of the most encountered problems in the small wastewater treatment plants. Its effect was observed at 1 cycle as short term and 4 cycles as long term. Besides the negative effects of the power failure on COD and TSS removal, it also affects sludge settling properties. While interruption time is increased, recovery took much more time than expected to reach steady state conditions for all the reactors. However, the presence of biofilm restricted the adverse effect of power failure. SEM photos and better effluent quality supported these findings.
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    COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FLOW REGIMES FOR THE EXAMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS
    (HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2017) Ates, Havva; Dogan, Selim; Berktay, Ali
    The management of the water resources is an important issue in the countries around the world because it depends on many variables. Prior to the growing environmental awareness, flow rate and regime are critical components of water supply, water quality, and the ecological integrity of river systems. Environmental flow may be described as the required stream flow quantity to support the ecological activity in a river system. While environmental flow assessment provides protection and use balance over the water resources and it also reduces the natural and artificial effects that caused of deterioration of the natural condition of the rivers. There are only a few environmental flow assessment studies in Turkey. In this paper, daily flow data has been used to determine the flow regimes in order to have some idea about the environmental flow. For this purpose, common methods such as original Tennant method, modified Tennant method, wetted perimeter method, 7Q10 and Q95 have been examined. Daily flow data has been obtained from three gauging stations located in Great Menderes Basin. The first one (07-30) is unregulated, the second is regulated (07-04) and the third one is indirectly regulated (07-71) gauging stations. As a result of this study, particular methods have more reliability and might be more appropriate for each case. The modified Tennant method could be selected as the most practical method for the measured data of flow rates in unregulated gauging station. Q95 method can be used for the other two stations.