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    Alterations of Thyroid Hormone Levels in Cadmium Exposure
    (DERMAN MEDICAL PUBL, 2017) Akgöl, Evren; Tutkun, Engin; Yılmaz, Hinc; Yılmaz, Fatma Meriç; Gündüzöz, Meside; Bal, Ceylan Demir; Ünlü, Ali
    Aim: Environmental chemicals and heavy metals may alter thyroid hormone levels via several mechanisms, including disruption of iodine (I) transport, thyroid peroxi-dase, thyroid hormone-binding proteins, hepatic catabolism, deiodinases, and receptor binding. Our aim was to investigate the change in thyroid hormone levels in cadmium exposure. Material and Method: Painters, welders, miners, and smelters with an occupational exposure of more than 10 years, aged between 18-70 years, were divided into six groups according to whole blood cadmium levels (Group 1: 0-0.5 mu g/L; Group 2: 0.5-1 mu g/L; Group 3: 1-1.5 mu g/L; Group 4: 1.5-2 mu g/L; Group 5: 2-2.5 mu g/L; Group 6: > 2.5 mu g/L). Results: There was a positive correlation between cadmium and serum free thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels. There was a negative correlation between cadmium and serum alanine aminotransferase and vitamin B12 levels. Discussion: Cadmium exposure was found to lead to an increase in thyroid hormone levels.
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    Prolactin levels in manganese-exposed male welders
    (SPRINGER, 2014) Tutkun, Engin; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Yılmaz, Ömer Hınç; Gündüzöz, Meside; Gıynaş, Nilgün; Bal, Ceylan Demir; Ünlü, Ali
    Purpose Early studies on manganese (Mn) exposure have demonstrated that this transition metal affects dopamine neurotransmission. Dopamine serves as a tonic inhibitor of prolactin release in the anterior hypophysis. Our aim was to determine the relation between serum prolactin levels and manganese-exposure. Methods Whole blood was collected from 95 nonexposed control subjects and 179 manganese-exposed male welders. Whole blood manganese was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer on Agilent 7700 (Agilent Technologies, USA). Serum prolactin levels (PRL), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), urea, creatinine, soduim (Na), potassium (K) were analyzed by immunological and spectrophotometric methods on Roche E170 Modular System (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Results The mean ages for control and manganeseexposed group were 40.5 +/- 7.8 and 39.5 +/- 8.7, respectively (p = 0.258). The mean working period (years) for control and manganese-exposed group were 17.4 +/- 9.8 and 18.2 +/- 7.7 years, respectively (p = 0.581). Serum AST and potassium levels were significantly higher in control group than manganese-exposed group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.048, respectively) and body-mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in control group than manganeseexposed group (p = 0.033). There was a significantly positive correlation between whole blood manganese levels and serum prolactin (r = 0.860, p < 0.001). Serum ALT levels were positively correlated with serum AST, urea and sodium (r = 0.315, p < 0.001; r = 0.121, p = 0.046; r = 0.130, p = 0.031). Conclusions Serum prolactin level is a diagnostic marker for determining the effect of manganese-exposure.