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Öğe Determination of the Stages of the Sexual Cycle of the Bitch by Direct Examination(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2011) Aydin, Ibrahim; Sur, Emrah; Ozaydin, Tugba; Dinc, Dursun AliThe aim of this study was to determine the stages of the sexual cycle of the bitch by direct examination and also to assess the reliability of this new technique by comparing it with the classical staining techniques used in bitches. Forty mixed-breed bitches, of different ages and sexually mature were used in this study. A total of 120 vaginal smear samples were collected using a cotton swab, three from each bitch. The collected samples were air dried and coded. One of the prepared samples from each bitch was stained with May-Grunwald Giemsa and the second sample was stained with Papanicolaou. The third sample was left unstained for direct examination. The stages of the sexual cycle were determined using all of the samples. The researcher who evaluated the samples did not have information about the coding system. The evaluation was made blindly and the results were compared after determination of the stages of the sexual cycle from all of the samples. The sexual cycle stages determined with the May-Grunwald Giemsa and Papanicolaou techniques were completely consistent with each other. However, when the direct examination technique was compared with the classical staining techniques, there was a significant difference in the proestrus, diestrus and anestrus stages of the cycle (p<0.05) while there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the estrus stage of the cycle. In conclusion, it was found that when determining the stages of the sexual cycle of the bitch by vaginal cytology, the direct examination technique was reliable only in detecting the estrus stage of the cycle.Öğe Disseminated metastatic transmissible venereal tumour in a bitch(Selçuk Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi, 2013) Kose, Ayse Merve; Cizmeci, Sakine Ulkum; Aydin, Ibrahim; Dinc, Dursun Ali; Maden, Mehmet; Kanat, OzgurBu vakanın materyalini doğum sonrası üç aydır devam eden kanlı vaginal akıntısı olan 4 yaşlı Sibiryan Husky ırkı dişi bir köpek oluşturdu. Yapılan fiziksel muayenede deri altında birçok noktada çeşitli büyüklükte kitlelerin olduğu, kanlı vajinal akıntının bulunduğu, vulvanın ödemli olduğu ve üzerinde dokunulduğunda kolayca kanayan karnabahar görünümlü frajil tümoral kitlelerin bulunduğu belirlendi. Vaginadaki tümoral kitlelerden hazırlanan smear preperatlarının sitolojik incelemesinde yuvarlak hiperkromik çekirdek ve çekirdekçiği bulunan ince stoplazmalı, eozinofilik vakuollü yuvarlak, oval ya da polihidral görünümlü tipik transmissible venereal tümör hücrelerine rastlandı. Ultrasonografik muayenede ise karaciğer, dalak ve sol böbreğin ekojenitelerinde değişiklik olduğu, karaciğer ve dalağın büyüdüğü ayrıca karaciğer üzerinde çok sayıda dalakta ise bir adet kitle olduğu belirlendi. Yapılan klinik, labaratuar, radyografik ve ultrasonografik muayeneler sonucunda vakada yaygın metastazlı transmissible venereal tümör (TVT) teşhis edildi. Vakanın prognozunun kötü olması nedeniyle hasta uyutuldu. Nekropsi sırasında deri, derialtı, memelerin etrafı, son kosta üzerie, abdomen, akciğer, karaciğer ve dalakta matastazik kitleler belirlendi. Genellikle benign karakterde olan ve metastazlara nadir rastlanılan TVT olgusu, bu vakada deri, derialtı dokular, meme, karaciğer, dalak ve akciğerde metastazlara yol açıp malign karaktere döndüğü belirlendi. Sonuç olarak TVT’li köpeklerde metastaz varlığının araştırılması için dikkatli bir sistematik muayene yapılmalıdır.Öğe Expression of wingless type (WNT) genes and their antagonists at mRNA levels in equine endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2011) Atli, Mehmet Osman; Guzeloglu, Aydin; Dinc, Dursun AliWNT signaling pathway plays important roles in reproductive events. Aims were to (1) determine presence of WNT genes and their antagonists in equine endometrium; and (2) to evaluate their expression profiles during early pregnancy. Endometrial biopsies were obtained from mares on day of ovulation (d0, n = 4) and on days of 14 (P14, n = 4), 18 (P18, n = 4), 22 (P22, n = 4) of early pregnancy. Biopsies were also collected from cyclic mares during late diestrus (LD, on day of 13.5-14, n = 4) and after luteolysis in estrus phase (AL on day of 17.5-18, is = 4) of the cycle. PCR was used to detect expression of genes studied and then relative expression levels were quantified using real-time PCR analysis. A mixed model was fitted on the normalized data and least significant difference test (alpha = 0.05) was employed. Eleven WNT genes (WNT2, WNT2B, WNT4, WNT5A, WNT5B, WNT7A, WNT8A, WNT9B, WNT10B, WNT11 and WNT16) and their antagonists (SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP5, DKK1, DKK2 and WIF-1) were detected in equine endometrium. Compared to d0, WNT2, WNT5B, WNT7A and SFRP1 expressions were downregulated by the pregnancy while DKK1 was upregulated. WNT5A, WNT11 and WIF-1 were upregulated on P14 and P18. but WNT2B increased only on P14. When LD and P14 were compared, level of WNT8A decreased on P14 while increase in WNT4 level on P14 was slightly significant (P < 0.06). Levels of WNT7A and SFRP1 decreased while DKK1 and WIF-1 increased by the pregnancy on P18 compared to AL Moreover, WNT2B, WNT5A, WNT9B, WNT10B, WNT11, WNT16 DKK1 and WIF-1 were upregulated on LD compared to AL whereas WNT4, WNT7A, SFRP1 were downregulated. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that WNT genes and their antagonists appear to be regulated during early pregnancy in equine endometrium possibly due to embryonic factors and/or maternal progesterone. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Protein based flushing related blood urea nitrogen effects on ovarian response, embryo recovery and embryo quality in superovulated ewes(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2017) Tur, Irfan; Dinc, Dursun Ali; Semacan, AhmetThe present study is the first report that evaluates effects of nutritional effects of flushing with differing diet crude protein ratios on blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, related some reproductive parameters and embryo quality in ewe. During mating season, before synchronization protocol ewes were fed on alfalfa hay and additive concentrate feeding as flushing. Intra vaginal FGA containing sponges applied for 12 days for the purpose of synchronization and pFSH was administered by 8 declining doses for the purpose of superovulation. Uterus was flushed in the morning of the seventh day of mating and embryos were collected surgically. Collected embryos were qualified according to LETS criterion. There is no dependency found between BUN values measured at different days and at different diet crude protein concentrations. An increase in uterine pH levels due to increasing protein amounts was observed but this increase was not significant among groups. Ovarian function was evaluated by ovarian responses (CL + large follicle) showed difference between groups (p < 0.05) and the lowest protein intake group gave highest ovarian response. In addition, embryo recovery rates revealed difference between groups (p < 0.05) and it was observed that the lowest ovarian response group showed the highest rates of embryo recovery. It is concluded that, in some Anatolian native sheep breeds, the application of diet flushing with different crude protein concentrates influence ovarian responses and embryo recovery rates but has no effect on BUN levels; uterus physiology or embryonic quality. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Ultrasonographic evaluation of age related influence on the teat canal and the effect of this influence on milk yield in Brown Swiss cows(NATL VETERINARY RESEARCH INST, 2008) Celik, Haci Ahmet; Aydin, Ibrahim; Colak, Mehmet; Sendag, Sait; Dinc, Dursun AliA total of 400 teat canals were investigated with a linear array ultrasound probe. The teat canal was observed as a hyperechogenic line at the tip of the teat. Twenty percent of the examined teat canals showed a crooked course, whereas in 80%, a linear course was observed. There was no statistically significant difference among teats of crooked teat canal and lateral aspects of teats. The mean length of teat canal was found to be 1 1.51 +/- 0.01 min. It was demonstrated that the length of the teat canal and milk yield were affected by the animals' age. The teat canals were the shortest in young cows and these cows showed the highest milk yield. On the other hand, older cows with the longest teat canals showed the least milk yield. It was concluded that the ultrasonographic examination was effective in teat canal imaging and morphological assessment. The observation of the location of the canal within teats and its course was essential.
