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    Investigation of the Relationship between Serum Levels of Cotinine and the Renal Function in Active and Passive Smokers
    (INFORMA HEALTHCARE, 2011) Dulger, Haluk; Donder, Ahmet; Sekeroglu, Mehmet Ramazan; Erkoc, Reha; Ozbay, Bulent
    Objective: We have investigated the effects of active and passive smoking on renal functions in terms of glomerular filtration rate, microalbuminuria, and beta-2 microglobulin excretion. Design and method: The volunteers included in this study were classified into three groups as active smokers (n = 24), passive smokers (n = 20), and controls (n = 20). Blood and urine samples were collected from all groups. Serum glucose, urea, creatinine, and cotinine levels in the collected blood samples were measured. Also, microalbumin, beta-2 microglobulin, and creatinine levels were measured in the collected urine samples. Results: Serum cotinine levels were found to be higher in both passive and active smokers when compared with controls (p < 0.01), whereas urinary microalbumin and creatinine levels were significantly higher in active smokers (p < 0.01). The urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio was significantly increased in both active and passive smokers compared with controls. Conclusion: The kidney and the glomerular functions may be affected even by passive smoking. In addition, increased microalbumin/creatinine ratio may be a sign of increased atherosclerosis risk in these persons.
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    Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets: Eight Cases
    (MODESTUM LTD, 2016) Cesur, Yasar; Yuca, Sevil Ari; Bektas, Selcuk; Yilmaz, Cahide; Dulger, Haluk; Temel, Hayrettin
    Objective: Vitamin D is essential for bone development and health, and deficiency resulting in rickets and skeletal deformities is seen mainly during rapid growth. Hereditary vitamin D dependent rickets type I and type II rickets is a very rare form of rickets, characterized by 1-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency or end-organ resistance to vitamin D. We aimed to investigate, clinical and laboratory characteristics of eight cases with Vitamin D-dependent rickets (VDRR). Method: The mean age of patients during diagnosis was 2.6 years. Excluding one patient, others were males (87.5%). Results: Mean laboratory values during referral was calcium 7.5 +/- 1,5 mg/dl, phosphorus 4 +/- 1.2 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 1679 +/- 641 U/L and parathyroid hormone (PTH) 524 +/- 498 pg/ml. Patients received 1.2 mu g/kg/day calcitriol. During follow-ups serum ALP and PTH values of patients turned to normal levels. Conclusion: In rickets, cases with persistent increased serum ALP and PTH levels it will be appropriate to investigate serum 25 (OH) D levels in cases diagnosed with vitamin D-dependent rickets even though hypocalcaemia is absent. Administration of adequate doses of calcitriol in some cases is able to clinical and laboratory values return to normal.