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    Examination of Coronary Heart Disease and Risk Factors in Asymptomatic Adults in Central Anatolia [eine Untersuchung Der Koronaren Herzerkrankung und Der Risikofaktoren Bei Asymptomatischen Erwachsenen in Zentralanatolien]
    (1995) Gönen, M. S.; Cin, V. G.; Gök, H.; Bayram, A.; Telli, H. H.
    The coronary heart disease and its risk factors were investigated in Konya district which is situated in central Anatolia, Turkey. In this study 280 asymptomatic persons, who were middle aged and over (?40), were selected at random from Bozkir, a small town of Konya, which shows a homogenous structure of population. Cardiovascular system of all the cases were examined. ECG and teleradiography were taken. In 54 cases (19.3% ) hypertension, in 11 cases (3.9%) hyperglycemia and in 58 male cases (59.8%) smoking were found. Obesity was seen in 17% of male and 27% of female cases. Hypercholesterolemia in 12% of cases and hypertriglyceridemia in 7.4% of cases were also seen. In 40 cases, coronary heart disease was determined. Incidence of hypertension was increasing with age, but the rate of cigarette-smoking was not changed. Under the light of positive results of the struggle with the reversible major risk factors, periodic examinations in cases with high risk, medical and preventive treatment procedures were pointed out clearly as important issues for the physician.
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    Low Risk of Severe Hypoglycaemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Starting Insulin Therapy With Premixed Insulin Analogues Bid in Outpatient Settings
    (Wıley, 2012) Pirags, V.; El Damassy, H.; Dabrowski, M.; Gönen, M. S.; Racicka, E.; Martinka, E.; Giaconia, J.; Stefanski A.
    Aims: The choice of insulin at initiation in type 2 diabetes remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of self-reported severe hypoglycaemia associated with premixed insulin analogues in routine clinical care. Methods: A 12-month, prospective, observational, multicentre study in patients starting a commonly prescribed premixed insulin analogue (either insulin lispro 25/75 or biphasic insulin aspart 30/70, twice daily) after suboptimal glycaemic control on oral antidiabetic agents. Treatment decisions were made solely in the course of usual practice. Results: Study follow-up was completed by 991 (85.5%) of the 1150 patients enrolled. At baseline, mean (SD) age was 57.9 (10.1) years; mean diabetes duration was 9.2 (5.9) years; mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 9.9 (1.8) % and the rate of severe hypoglycaemia was 0.03 episode/patient-year. At 12 months, the rate of severe hypoglycaemia was 0.04 episode/patient-year (95% CI 0.023, 0.055 episode/patient-year) and mean insulin dose was 41.5 (19.4) units. Changes from baseline to 12 months for mean fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c were -5.1 mmol/l and -2.5%, respectively. Conclusions: After initiation of premixed insulin analogues in patients with type 2 diabetes in real-world settings, the incidence of severe hypoglycaemia was lower than expected from previously reported studies.