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Öğe A comparative assessment of the LC-MS profiles and cluster analysis of four Centaurea species from Turkey(ELSEVIER, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Gevrenova, Reneta; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Mahomoodally, Mohamad FawziThe present study was designed to delineate the chemical characterization of four Centaurea species sampled from Turkey. The chemical profiles were determined by UHPLC-ESI/HRMS and multiple correspondence analysis were carried out to observe variabilities of the tested extracts. To study the variability of the four samples, 16 qualitative variables represented by the 16 compounds (some acylquinic acids including 3-Caffeoylquinic, 5-Caffeoylquinic and 5-Feruloylquinic acids) have been used to perform the multiple correspondence analysis. There groups were recorded in the cluster analysis. The first group is represented by C. urvielli subsp. hayekiana and C. kotschi var. persica species while the second and third group is composed of C. drabifolia subsp. detonsa and C. patula, respectively. Finding presented herein has established baseline data that could spark further studies on the pharmacological potential of these Centaurea species.Öğe A comparative study of Bulgarian and Turkish Asphodeline lutea root extracts: HPLC-UV profiles, enzyme inhibitory potentials and anti-proliferative activities against MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2015) Lazarova, Irina; Zengin, Gökhan; Bender, Onur; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Uysal, Şengül; Ceylan, Ramazan; Gevrenova, RenetaAsphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. is a wild plant traditionally used as a food in the Mediterranean region. The alcoholic extracts of A. lutea roots from different origins (Bulgarian and 'Rakish) were investigated for anti-cholinesterase, anti-tyrosinase, anti-amylase, anti-glycosidase and anti-proliferative activity (against MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines). A validated HPLC method for the determination of two anthraquinones, two bianthraquinones, two naphthalenes, two flavonoids and one hydroxycinnamic acid was developed due to the presence of these components in the genus Asphodeline. In addition, total anthraquinones content was determined spectrophotometrically. A. lutea from Bulgaria demonstrated higher level of total anthraquinones (0.81 +/-0.05 mg g(-1)). A naphthalene derivative (2-acetyl-1,8-dimethoxy-3-methylnaphthalene) was the major compound in Bulgarian accession (0.96 +/- 0.03 mg g(-1)), while caffeic acid was the main analyte in Turkish sample (0.42 +/- 0.06 mg g(-1)). Turkish extracts were more potent as cholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitors but less active as antidiabetic agent. The higher anti-proliferative effect was presented by Bulgarian extract with IC50 values 120 +/- 16.8 mg mL(-1) (for MCF-7) and 256 +/- 16.1 mg mL(-1) (for MCF-10A). (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Comprehensive Chemical Profiling and Multidirectional Biological Investigation of Two Wild Anthemis Species (Anthemis tinctoria var. Pallida and A. cretica subsp. tenuiloba): Focus on Neuroprotective Effects(MDPI, 2019) Orlando, Giustino; Zengin, Gökhan; Ferrante, Claudio; Ronci, Maurizio; Recinella, Lucia; Şenkardeş, İsmail; Gevrenova, Reneta; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Chiavaroli, Annalisa; Leone, Sheila; Di Simone, Simonetta; Brunetti, Luigi; Picot-Allain, Carene Marie Nancy; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Menghini, LuigiEthyl acetate (EA), methanol (MeOH), and aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Anthemis tinctoria var. pallida (ATP) and A. cretica subsp. tenuiloba (ACT) were investigated for their phenol and flavonoid content, antioxidant, and key enzyme inhibitory potentials. All extracts displayed antiradical effects, with MeOH and aqueous extracts being a superior source of antioxidants. On the other hand, EA and MeOH extracts were potent against AChE and BChE. Enzyme inhibitory effects against tyrosinase and alpha-glucosidase were observed, as well. We also studied Anthemis extracts in an ex vivo experimental neurotoxicity paradigm. We assayed extract influence on oxidative stress and neurotransmission biomarkers, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and serotonin (5-HT), in isolated rat cortex challenged with K+ 60 mM Krebs-Ringer buffer (excitotoxicity stimulus). An untargeted proteomic analysis was finally performed in order to explore the putative mechanism in the brain. The pharmacological study highlighted the capability of ACT water extract to blunt K+ 60 mM increase in LDH level and 5-HT turnover, and restore physiological activity of specific proteins involved in neuron morphology and neurotransmission, including NEFMs, VAMP-2, and PKC gamma, thus further supporting the neuroprotective role of ACT water extract.Öğe Effects of Asphodeline lutea Compounds on Toxicity Models in Isolated Rat Microsomes and Hepatocytes(BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD, 2018) Kondeva-Burdina, Magdalena; Simeonova, Rumyana; Vitcheva, Vessela; Lazarova, Irina; Gevrenova, Reneta; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Zengin, GökhanBackground: In the current study, we evaluate the possible in vitro hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. dry root extract (ALE), and isolated from the same extract 2-acetyl-1,8-dimethoxy-3-methylnaphthalene (1). The potential of the main root compounds, chrysophanol (2) and caffeic acid (3), was studied as well. A model of non-enzyme lipid peroxidation (LPO) in isolated liver microsomes was induced by iron-ascorbic acid (Fe2+/AA) mixture and assessed by the quantity of malondialdehyde (MDA) -an LPO product. The incubation of the microsomes with ALE (1 mg/ml) and 1-3 (100 mu g/ml) resulted in a significant decrease in MDA production, compared to the Fe2+/AA incubated samples with 23% (ALE), 61 % (1), 62% (3), while classical hepatoprotector silymarin decreased the parameter with 64 %. Methods: Studied compounds showed some toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes discerned by increased LDH leakage and MDA quantity, decreased cell viability and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels compared to the control (non-treated hepatocytes). Results: The antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of 1-3 was observed in vitro against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity, where they normalize all the examined parameters pertur-bated by CCl4 administration. The effects of 1 are lower than 3 and silymarin, but were better than those of 2. Conclusion: On the basis of these results, we discuss a bidirectional potential of the assayed parameters that might be explained with naphthalene transformation in cytochrom P450-dependent oxidation by CYP3A. The lack of metabolism and bioactivation of CCl4 could explain the cytoprotective effects of 1-3. The pro-oxidant effects of 1 and 2, in in vitro models, could be due to naphthalene and anthraquinone bioactivation pathways involving toxic metabolites.Öğe Hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. roots extract in experimental models in vitro/in vivo(ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER, 2016) Lazarova, Irina; Simeonova, Rumyana; Vitcheva, Vessela; Kondeva-Burdina, Magdalena; Gevrenova, Reneta; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Zengin, GökhanThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. dry root extract (ALE) administered alone and against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in vitro/in vivo. The dried roots of A. lutea were extracted with 70% ethanol and was characterized with HPLC-UV. Hepatoprotective potential was investigated by in vivo/in vitro assays in Wistar rats as well as antioxidant properties. At concentrations ranging from 10 to 200 mg/mL of ALE significant cytotoxic effects on isolated hepatocytes were found. ALE showed some toxicity in Wistar rats discerned by increased ALT (Alanine transaminase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) activities and MDA (malondialdehyde) quantity, decreased GSH (reduced glutathione) levels without affecting the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (GPx (Gluthatione peroxidase), GR (Glutathione reductase) and GST (Glutathione-S-transferase activity)). The antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of ALE was also observed in vitro/in vivo against CCl4-induced liver injury, where ALE normalizes all the examined parameters perturbated by CCl4 administration. In addition, ALE preserved the decreased cytochrome P450 level and EMND (Ethylmorphine-N-Demethylase) activity without affecting AH (Aniline 4-Hydroxylase) activity. ALE is rich in anthraquinones, naphthalenes and caffeic acid. The pro-oxidant effects of ALE could be due to naphthalene and anthraquinone bioactivation pathways involving toxic metabolites. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.Öğe HPLC-DAD analysis of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of Asphodeline lutea roots from Bulgaria and Turkey(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2014) Lazarova, Irina; Zengin, Gökhan; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Gevrenova, Reneta; Ceylan, Ramazan; Uysal, ŞengülAsphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. is a wild edible plant, traditionally consumed in the Mediterranean diet, but there are limited literature data about its medicinal properties. Methanol extracts of A. lutea roots from Bulgarian (ALB) and Turkish (ALT) origin were evaluated for their antioxidant activity using various in vitro models: phosphomolybdenum assay, free radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity and ferric and cupric reducing power. Both methanolic extracts were analyzed for phenolic derivatives by HPLC DAD. Caffeic acid was the dominant phenolic acid being present up to 2.19 +/- 0.020 mg/g extract in ALB. The highest content of (+) catechin (1.54 +/- 0.060 mg/g) and (-) epicatechin (3.18 +/- 0.160 mg/g) was found in ALB as well as total polyphenolics (22.45 +/- 0,95 mg/g GAEs/g extract). The ALT revealed the highest total flavonoid content (34.99 +/- 0.39 mg REs/g extract). Free radical scavenging activity of ALB against DPPH (25.39 +/- 0.36 mg TEs/g extract) and ABTS (33.99 +/- 1.06 mg TEs/g) was evaluated. In addition, ALB had stronger metal chelating activity (7.31 +/- 0,31 mg EDTAEs/g extract) and higher ferric (34.67 +/- 0.51 mg TEs/g extract) and cupric (23.82 +/- 0.36 mg TEs/g) reduction ability as compared with the ALT. Total antioxidant capacity of ALB in phosphomolybdenum test was assayed (236.80 +/- 0.86 mg AEs/g extract). A. lutea roots have a significant potential in safeguarding against various induced oxidative stress. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Identification of phenolic components via LC-MS analysis and biological activities of two centaurea species: c. drabifolia subsp drabifolia and c. iycopifolia(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2018) Zengin, Gökhan; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Gevrenova, Reneta; Nedialkov, Paraskev; Mocan, Andrei; Ciric, Ana; Glamoclija, Jasmina; Sokovic, Marina; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Mahomoodall, Mohamad FawziThe Centaurea genus has great potential in traditional systems and has attracted much interest in the design of novel drug formulations. The present study was focused on the chemical fingerprints and biological properties of Centaurea drabifolia subsp. drabifolia and Centaurea lycopifolia extracts. Spectrophotometri c and LC-MS techniques were used to establish the chemical profiles of the studied extracts. Enzyme inhibitory potential was assessed against key enzymes linked to global health problems, namely neurodegenerative diseases (acetylcholinesterase), pigmentation (tyrosinase), and diabetes (alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase). The antimicrobial propensities of the extract were evaluated against 16 bacterial and fungal strains using the microdilution method. The antioxidant abilities were assessed using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, ferric, and cupric reducing powers, phosphomolybdenum, and ferrous metal chelation. The total phenolic compounds varied from 18.33 to 32.84 nigGAE/gextract.Total flavonoid content of the extracts were in the range of 2.88-22.39 mgRE/g extract. Methanol and water extracts showed stronger antioxidant abilities compared to the ethyl acetate extracts. However, the latter extracts were most efficient towards the target enzymes (except for tyrosinase). The water extracts also exerted considerable antimicrobial effects. Findings from the present work tend to support the idea that C. drabifolia subsp. drabifolia and C lycopifolia may be utilized as effective bio-resources for designing novel health promoting products or ingredients. It is anticipated that results amassed from this still will open new avenues for research and contribute towards establishing primary data on these species for designing novel phytopharmaceuticals. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Multidirectional biological investigation and phytochemical profile of Rubus sanctus and Rubus ibericus(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Ferrante, Claudio; Senkardes, Ismail; Gevrenova, Reneta; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Menghini, Luigi; Orlando, Giustino; Recinella, Lucia; Chiavaroli, Annalisa; Leone, Sheila; Brunetti, Luigi; Picot-Allain, Carene Marie Nancy; Rengasamy, Kannan RR.; Mahomoodally, Mohamad FawziIn the present study, the biological properties, including, the enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities, as well as, the phytochemical profile of the ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of Rubus sanctus Schreb. and Rubus ibericus Juz. leaves were determined using in vitro bioassays. Wide range of phytochemicals, including, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, acylquinic acids, ellagitannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoid saponins were determined using UHPLC-ESI/HRMS technique. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the studied Rubus species effectively inhibited acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase. On the other hand, R. sanctus water extract showed low inhibition against alpha-amylase and prominent inhibitory action against alpha-glucosidase. Data collected from this study reported the radical scavenging and reducing potential of the studied Rubus species. Investigation of the protective effects of the different extracts of R. sanctus and R. ibericus in experimental model of ulcerative colitis was performed. The extracts were also tested on spontaneous migration of human colon cancer cells (HCT116) in wound healing experimental paradigm. Only R. sanctus methanol extract inhibited spontaneous HCT116 migration in the wound healing test. Our results suggested that R. sanctus and R. ibericus may be potential candidates as sources of biologically-active compounds for the development of nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and/or cosmetics.Öğe New Perspectives on Asphodeline lutea from Bulgaria and Turkey: Anti-mutagenic, Anti-microbial and Anti-methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Activity(SCIENCEDOMAIN INT, 2016) Uysal, Ahmet; Lazarova, Irina; Zengin, Gökhan; Güneş, Erdoğan; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Gevrenova, RenetaAims: In this study, methanol extracts of Asphodeline lutea roots from Bulgaria (ALB) and Turkish (ALT) origin were evaluated for their anti-microbial, anti-MRSA properties and they were also screened for the potential of mutagenic and anti-mutagenic activities. Methodology: The broth micro dilution method was performed for the anti-microbial activities. For mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity screening of the extracts, plate incorporation method of Ames test was employed. Results: Sarcina lutea was the most sensitive bacterium against ALB and ALT extracts at doses of 1.56 and 0.78 mg/ml, respectively. Both extracts exhibited similar activity against methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Salmonella enteritidis with MIC value 6.25 mg/ml. Based on the results obtained from Ames test, no mutagenic activity was found for frame shift mutation (TA98) and base pair substitution (TA100) in all concentrations of A. lutea. Strong antimutagenic properties with rates of 77% and 75% were observed at the highest concentrations of both extracts against 2-aminofluorene-induced mutagenicity on TA 98 with the presence of metabolic activator S9 system. Conclusion: As a result, the extracts revealed significant anti-MRSA activity with MIC values 6.25 mg/ml against MRSA strains isolated from infections and manifested strong anti-mutagenic activity against known mutagens; it may be used in drug formulations against MRSA infections and may be used as a natural anti-mutagenic agent in the pharmacology and food industries.
