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    Identification of phenolic profiles, fatty acid compositions, antioxidant activities, and enzyme inhibition effects of seven wheat cultivars grown in Turkey: A phytochemical approach for their nutritional value
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2017) Zengin, Gökhan; Nithiyanantham, Srinivasan; Sarıkürkcü, Cengiz; Uysal, Şengül; Ceylan, Ramazan; Ramya, Karnam Satya; Maskovic, Pavle
    In the present article, seven wheat cultivars (Ahmetaga, Bezostaya, Dagdas-94, Ekiz, Karahan-99, Konya-2002, and Tosunbey) grown in Turkey were compared for their phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities. Antioxidant capacities and enzyme inhibitory effects were investigated with colorimetric methods. Total phenolic content ranged from 40.71 to 86.34 mg of gallic acid equivalent/100 g wheat grain. Tosunbey (92 mg Trolox equivalent/100 g wheat grain) and Ahmetaga (114.56 mg Trolox equivalent/100 g wheat grain) cultivars exhibited strong 2,2 azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazloine-6-sulfonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activities. As compared to other wheat cultivars, Tosunbey cultivar had remarkable both antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects with the highest level of phenolics. Ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, and apigenin were the major phenolics in extracts tested. This study suggested that an increased intake of wheat derived products could represent an effective strategy for the management of oxidative stress related chronic and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimers and diabetes mellitus.
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    Nutritional and functional roles of millets-A review
    (WILEY, 2019) Nithiyanantham, Srinivasan; Kalaiselvi, Palanisamy; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Zengin, Gökhan; Abirami, Arumugam; Srinivasan, Gopalakrishnan
    The available cultivable plant-based food resources in developing tropical countries are inadequate to supply proteins for both human and animals. Such limition of available plant food sources are due to shrinking of agricultural land, rapid urbanization, climate change, and tough competition between food and feed industries for existing food and feed crops. However, the cheapest food materials are those that are derived from plant sources which although they occur in abundance in nature, are still underutilized. At this juncture, identification, evaluation, and introduction of underexploited millet crops, including crops of tribal utility which are generally rich in protein is one of the long-term viable solutions for a sustainable supply of food and feed materials. In view of the above, the present review endeavors to highlight the nutritional and functional potential of underexploited millet crops. Practical applications Millets are an important food crop at a global level with a significant economic impact on developing countries. Millets have advantageous characteristics as they are drought and pest-resistance grains. Millets are considered as high-energy yielding nourishing foods which help in addressing malnutrition. Millet-based foods are considered as potential prebiotic and probiotics with prospective health benefits. Grains of these millet species are widely consumed as a source of traditional medicines and important food to preserve health.
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    Screening of in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of different extracts from two uninvestigated wild plants: Centranthus longiflorus subsp longiflorus and Cerinthe minor subsp auriculata
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2016) Zengin, Gökhan; Nithiyanantham, Srinivasan; Locatelli, Marcello; Ceylan, Ramazan; Uysal, Şengül; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Selvi, Palanisamy Kalai
    Introduction: The importance of plants products in traditional medicine has been recognized for some time. Two plants of Turkish origin, Centranthus longiflorus subsp. longiflorus and Cerinthe minor subsp. auriculata used as traditional Turkish medicine have remained uninvestigated for Alzheimer diseases and diabetes mellitus for their in vitro biological activity despite their use for sleep disorders. The antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of these plants have not been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant as well as their enzyme inhibitory activity (in aqueous and solvent extracts). Methods: Antioxidant assays used standard methods to assess phosphomolybdenum, free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and metal chelating activity on ferrous ions. Additionally, the extracts were tested also for enzyme inhibitory activity (Cholinesterase, Tyrosinase, a-amylase, and a-glucosidase). Results: Organic extracts showed the highest anti-cholinesterase (AChE, and BChE) activity, while aqueous extracts showed valuable Tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Total phenolics (expressed as gallic acid equivalents) in C. longiflorus subsp. longiflorus and C. minor subsp. auriculata were 46.2 and 25.4 mg in methanolic extracts, 27.5 and 26.2 mg in ethyl acetate extracts, and 37.9 and 46.6 mg in aqueous extracts, respectively. Similarly, total flavonoids (expressed as rutin equivalents) in C. longiflorus subsp. longiflorus and C. minor subsp. auriculata were 39.9 and 27.8 mg in methanolic extracts, 17.6 and 52.4 mg in ethyl acetate extracts, and 24.35 and 24.6 mg in aqueous extracts, respectively. Conclusion: The reported results may be valuable for preparing new food supplements and can represent a good model for the development of new drug formulations. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.