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Öğe Alterations of Thyroid Hormone Levels in Cadmium Exposure(DERMAN MEDICAL PUBL, 2017) Akgöl, Evren; Tutkun, Engin; Yılmaz, Hinc; Yılmaz, Fatma Meriç; Gündüzöz, Meside; Bal, Ceylan Demir; Ünlü, AliAim: Environmental chemicals and heavy metals may alter thyroid hormone levels via several mechanisms, including disruption of iodine (I) transport, thyroid peroxi-dase, thyroid hormone-binding proteins, hepatic catabolism, deiodinases, and receptor binding. Our aim was to investigate the change in thyroid hormone levels in cadmium exposure. Material and Method: Painters, welders, miners, and smelters with an occupational exposure of more than 10 years, aged between 18-70 years, were divided into six groups according to whole blood cadmium levels (Group 1: 0-0.5 mu g/L; Group 2: 0.5-1 mu g/L; Group 3: 1-1.5 mu g/L; Group 4: 1.5-2 mu g/L; Group 5: 2-2.5 mu g/L; Group 6: > 2.5 mu g/L). Results: There was a positive correlation between cadmium and serum free thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels. There was a negative correlation between cadmium and serum alanine aminotransferase and vitamin B12 levels. Discussion: Cadmium exposure was found to lead to an increase in thyroid hormone levels.Öğe Assessment of renal functions with different glomerular filtration rate formulas in children with acute exposure of mercury(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2015) Bal, Ceylan; Güngör, Oya Torun; Çelik, Hüseyin Tuğrul; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Uğuz, Nihal; Tutkun, Engin; Yılmaz, Ömer HınçObjective: Our aim was to determine whether cystatin C level has a superiority to creatinine to assess kidney functions in rapid decreases of glomerular filtration rate due to acute mercury exposure in children. Eight different glomerular filtration rate calculation formulas which have been used creatinine and/or cystatin C were also compared. Methods: Serum urea, creatinine and cystatin C values of 39 mercury exposed children were measured. Glomerular filtration rates were calculated by eight different formulas. Patient group was divided into three subgroups according to mercury levels. Results: Cystatin C and mercury levels of the patients were found significantly different from control group (p<0.001). There was not a significant difference in creatinine and urea values between two groups (p=0.913, p=0.236). There was not a significant difference between patient and control groups in GFR calculations which have been used serum creatinine and height or which have been used urea additional to them (p=0.069, p=0.559, p=0.424, p=0.945, respectively), but there was a significant difference between patient and control groups in GFR calculations which have been used cystatin C only or creatinine, urea and height in addition to this (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.042, p<0.001, respectively). In sugroup analysis, cystatin C results and the results of three GFR calculations of four GFR calculations which were used cystatin C were found different in control group according to subgroups but there was not a difference between subgroups. Conclusion: Cystatin C level is a better indicator than creatinine to assess kidney functions in rapid decreases of glomerular filtration rate due to acute exposure of mercury. Formulas using cystatin C gave better results than formulas using creatinine and height in estimation of glomerular filtration rate.Öğe Assessment of renal functions with different glomerular filtration rate formulas in childrenwith acute exposure of mercury(2015) Bal, Ceylan; Torun, Oya Güngör; Çelik, Hüseyin Tuğrul; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Uğuz, Nihal; Tutkun, Engin; Yılmaz, Ömer HınçAmaç: Çocuklarda akut civa maruziyetine bağlı hızlı glomerüler fitrasyon hızı azalmalarında sistatin C düzeyinin böbrek fonksiyonlarını değerlendirme açısından kreatinine üstün olup olmadığını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Ayrıca kreatinin ve/veya sistatin C kullanılan 8 ayrı glomerular filtrasyon hızı hesaplama formülünü birbiriyle karşılaştırdık.Metod: Civa maruziyeti yaşayan 39 çocuğun serum üre, kreatinin ve sistatin C düzeyleri ölçüldü. Glomerular filtrasyon hızı 8 farklı formülle hesaplandı. Hasta grubu civa seviyelerine göre üç subgruba bölündü.Bulgular: Hastaların sistatin C ve civa düzeyleri kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak farklı bulundu (p0.001). Kreatinin ve üre açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p0.913, p0.236). Serum kreatinini ve boy kullanılarak veya bunlara ilaveten üre değerleri kullanılarak yapılan GFR hesaplamalarında hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark yokken (sırasıyla, p0.069, p0.559, p0.424, p0.945 ), yalnızca sistatin C veya buna ek olarak kreatinin, üre ve boyun kullanıldığı GFR hesaplamalarında hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark vardı (sırasıyla, p0.001, p0.001, p0.042, p0.001). Subgrup analizinde sistatin C sonuçları ile sistatin C kullanılarak hesaplanan dört GFR hesaplamasından üç tanesine ait sonuçlar kontrol grubunda subgruplara göre farklı bulunurken subgruplar arasında farklı bulunmadı.Sonuç: Akut maruziyetlere bağlı hızlı glomerüler fitrasyon hızı azalmalarında sistatin C düzeyi böbrek fonksiyonlarını değerlendirme açısından kreatinine üstündür. Sistatin C kullanılarak oluşturulan formüller glomerüler filtrasyon hızını belirlemede kreatinin ve boy uzunluğu kullanılarak oluşturulan formüllere kıyasla daha iyi sonuç vermektedir.Öğe Effect of different selenium levels on thyroid hormone synthesis(Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA), 2015) Bal, Ceylan; Büyükşekerci, Murat; Ercan, Müjgan; Hocaoğlu, Asım; Çelik, Hüseyin Tuğrul; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Tutkun, Engin; Yılmaz, Ömer HınçObjective: As an essential element, selenium is very important for thyroid functions. Iodothyronine deiodinase-I is a selenium containing enzyme that is responsible for production of triiodothyronine (T3) from thyroxin (T4) in peripheral tissues. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different levels of selenium on thyroid hormone synthesis. Methods: 303 participants who had admitted to several clinics of Ankara Occupational Diseases Hospital and whose serum thyroid hormone and selenium levels were determined between years 2012 and 2014 were separated into 3 groups according to serum selenium levels. Group 1: 50-75?g/L, group 2: 75,1-100?g/L, group 3: 100,1-125?g/L. The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3 (FT3) and free T4 (FT4) levels of groups were compared with each other. Results: There was statistically non-significant difference among 3 groups concerning the serum TSH and FT3 levels (p=0,91; p=0,18). Group 3 serum FT4 levels were lower than other groups. FT4 levels of group 3 were significantly different from group 1 (p= 0,005). T3/T4 ratio was significantly higher in group 3 than other groups (p=0,004). There was a negative correlation between selenium and FT4 levels (r=-0,184; p=0,001), whereas a positive correlation existed between selenium and T3/T4 ratio (r=0,178, p=0,002). Conclusion: Selenium has an important role in thyroid functions and FT4 levels increase in selenium deficiency. High FT4 levels should be considered in low selenium levels.Öğe Farewell to an old friend: chest X-ray vs high-resolution computed tomography in welders' lung disease(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2014) Tutkun, Engin; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Yılmaz, Ömer Hınç; Gündüzöz, Meside; Evcik, Ender; Öziş, Türkan Nadir; Keskinkılıç, BekirIntroduction Welder's lung disease originated from a mixed exposure to different kinds of metals and chemicals from welding fumes. Because of these various harmful effects, irreversible morphological changes may occur in all parts of the respiratory tract, airways and lung parenchyma. Parenchymal changes are the main lesions that define the severity of exposure. The grade of these lesions is the main criteria for compensation claims and the clinical threshold for the occupational health physician's decision making of work change in order to protect the worker's health. In this study, our aim was to compare the diagnostic performance of chest X-ray (CXR) and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) for welders' lung disease. Objectives Seventy-four male welders aged between 25 and 55 years were enrolled to this study. Methods Clinical diagnoses were compared by CXR and HRCT. Same radiologists evaluated the scans without any knowledge about the medical history of the patient (double-blinded evaluation). The agreement between radiologists was compared with Cohen's kappa statistics. Results The mean age for 74 welders was 40.7 years. The mean duration of exposure was 18.9 years. Although all were found to be nonpathological on the CXR, 27 mild nodular and nine mild linear opacities, five emphysematous changes, three ground glass infiltrates and one pleural thickening were detected by HRCT. Conclusions HRCT provides better diagnostic performance compared to CXR for the diagnosis of welders' lung disease.Öğe Farklı selenyum seviyelerinin tiroid hormon sentezi üzerine etkisi(2015) Bal, Ceylan; Büyükşekerci, Murat; Ercan, Müjgan; Hocaoğlu, Asım; Çelik, Hüseyin Tuğrul; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Tutkun, EnginAmaç: Selenyum esansiyel bir element olup tiroid fonksiyonları açısından oldukça önemlidir. Periferde tiroksin'den triiyodotironin üretiminden sorumlu olan iyodotironin deiyodinaz-I selenyum içeren bir enzimdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı selenyum düzeylerinin tiroid hormon sentezi üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntemler: 2012-2014 yılları arasında Ankara Meslek Hastalıkları Hastanesinin çeşitli polikliniklerine başvuran tiroid hormonları ve serum selenyum düzeylerine bakılan 303 kişi serum selenyum seviyelerine göre 3 gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1: 50-75 ?g/L, grup 2: 75,1-100 ?g/L, grup 3: 100,1-125 ?g/L. Grupların tiroid stimüle edici hormon (TSH), serbest T3 (FT3) serbest T4 (FT4) düzeyleri birbirleriyle karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Serum TSH ve FT3 düzeyleri açısından 3 grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p0,91; p0,18). Serum FT4 düzeyleri grup 3'te diğer gruplara göre düşüktü. Bu fark grup 1 ve 3 arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı idi (p0,005). T3/T4 oranı grup 3'te diğer gruplardan anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p0,004). Selenyum ile FT4 düzeyleri arasında negatif bir korelasyon (r-0,184; p0,001) varken selenyum ile T3/T4 oranlarıları arasında pozitif korelasyon (r0,178, p0,002) vardı. Sonuç: Selenyum; tiroid fonksiyonlarında önemli bir rol üstlenmekte olup selenyum eksikliğinde FT4 düzeyi artmaktadır. FT4 yüksekliğinde serum selenyum düzeyinin düşük olabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.Öğe Lack of association between serum prolactin and lead exposure(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2013) Bacaksız, Ayşegül; Gündüzöz, Meside; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Tutkun, Engin; Yılmaz, Ömer Hınç; Gıynaş, Nilgün; Aydın, Emine Gül[Abstract not Available]Öğe Lack of association between serum prolactin and lead exposure among battery workers(DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE, 2015) Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Tutkun, Engin; Yılmaz, Ömer Hınç; Gündüzöz, Meside; Bacaksız, Ayşegül; Gıynaş, Nilgün; Aydın, Emine GülObjective: Serum prolactin (S-PRL) has been reported as a biomarker of early neurotoxic effect related to lead exposure. Raised S-PRL levels are generally considered to provide indirect evidence of reduced dopaminergic tuberoinfundibular (TIDA) activity. Elevated serum prolactin levels were reported due to lead-exposure. Our aim was to determine the relation between serum prolactin levels and lead-exposure. Material: Serum and whole blood samples were collected from 72 non-exposed and 35 lead-exposed male workers. Method: Blood lead was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometer. Serum prolactin levels were analyzed by immunological method. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and whole blood count were analyzed by using commercial kits. Results: Although serum prolactin levels were higher in control group compared to lead-exposed group (12.7 +/- 7.5 vs. 11.8 +/- 77), this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.432). Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was significantly higher in control group than lead-exposed group (p < 0.001) and reticulocyte distribution width (RDW) was significantly lower in control group than lead-exposed group (p = 0.031). Serum ALP levels were significantly higher in lead-exposed group than control group (197 51 vs. 133 +/- 65) (p = 0.000). According to Spearman correlation analysis, there was a significantly negative correlation between blood lead levels and MCHC (r = 0.373, p < 0.001). Also, serum ALP levels were positively correlated with blood lead levels (r = 0.436, p < 0.001). The correlation between blood lead levels and RDW was statistically weak (r = 0.225, p = 0.030). Conclusions: Serum prolactin level is not a diagnostic marker for determining the effect of lead-exposure.Öğe Mean platelet volume level in chromium exposed workers(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2014) Hocaoğlu, Asım; Bal, Ceylan; Çelik, Hüseyin Tuğrul; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Yılmaz, Ömer Hınç; Tutkun, Engin[Abstract not Available]Öğe Prolactin levels in manganese-exposed male welders(SPRINGER, 2014) Tutkun, Engin; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Yılmaz, Ömer Hınç; Gündüzöz, Meside; Gıynaş, Nilgün; Bal, Ceylan Demir; Ünlü, AliPurpose Early studies on manganese (Mn) exposure have demonstrated that this transition metal affects dopamine neurotransmission. Dopamine serves as a tonic inhibitor of prolactin release in the anterior hypophysis. Our aim was to determine the relation between serum prolactin levels and manganese-exposure. Methods Whole blood was collected from 95 nonexposed control subjects and 179 manganese-exposed male welders. Whole blood manganese was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer on Agilent 7700 (Agilent Technologies, USA). Serum prolactin levels (PRL), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), urea, creatinine, soduim (Na), potassium (K) were analyzed by immunological and spectrophotometric methods on Roche E170 Modular System (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Results The mean ages for control and manganeseexposed group were 40.5 +/- 7.8 and 39.5 +/- 8.7, respectively (p = 0.258). The mean working period (years) for control and manganese-exposed group were 17.4 +/- 9.8 and 18.2 +/- 7.7 years, respectively (p = 0.581). Serum AST and potassium levels were significantly higher in control group than manganese-exposed group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.048, respectively) and body-mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in control group than manganeseexposed group (p = 0.033). There was a significantly positive correlation between whole blood manganese levels and serum prolactin (r = 0.860, p < 0.001). Serum ALT levels were positively correlated with serum AST, urea and sodium (r = 0.315, p < 0.001; r = 0.121, p = 0.046; r = 0.130, p = 0.031). Conclusions Serum prolactin level is a diagnostic marker for determining the effect of manganese-exposure.Öğe Toxic metal and essential trace element levels of blood donors(Derman Medical Publishing, 2016) Akıncı, İsmail; Tutkun, Engin; Türksoy, Vugar Ali; Yılmaz, Hınç; Yüksel, Bayram; Kayaaltı, Zeliha; Söylemezoğlu, Tülin; Yılmaz, Hakkı; Abuşoğlu, SedatAim: Blood donors are screened for various pathogens including hepatitis and cytomegalovirus. Screening for toxic metal levels is not routine process. The aims of our study were to determine the whole blood levels of toxic metals, cadmium and lead, and levels of the trace elements iron, zinc, and copper, of non-exposed Turkish subjects and also to identify individuals living under the risk of chronic metal toxicity. Material and Method: Whole blood lead and cadmium levels were analyzed by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Metal levels were determined in the whole blood and serum samples of 211 male blood donors (aged 19 to 55; 33.71±8.69 years). Statistical analysis was performed by SPSSv16. Results: Average levels of cadmium, lead, zinc, copper and iron were found to be 1.27±0.88 µg L-1, 25.1±12.44 µg L-1, 0.97±0.16 mg L-1, 1.10±0.21 mg L-1, and 476.53±42.41 mg L-1, respectively. Donor age had a statistically significant positive correlation only with copper levels (p<0.01). There were not any significant correlations between BMI and any of the measured metal levels (p>0.05). A statistically significant association was found between smoking and cadmium levels (p<0.01). Discussion: Results may provide information for toxicologists and clinical chemists to determine whether people have trace element deficiencies or have been exposed to higher levels of toxic metals. © 2016, Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine. All rights reserved.Öğe Toxic Metal and Essential TraceElement Levels of Blood Donors(2016) Akıncı, İsmail; Tutkun, Engin; Türksoy, Vugar Ali; Yılmaz, Hınç; Yüksel, Bayram; Kayaaltı, Zeliha; Söylemezoğlu, TülinAmaç: Kan bağışı yapan bireyler hepatit, sitomegalovirüs gibi değişik patojenler açısından taranmaktadır. Toksik metal düzeylerinin taranması rutin bir prosedür değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, maruziyeti olmayan Türk bireylerde demir, çinko ve bakır gibi eser elementlerin ve kadmiyum, kurşun gibi toksik metallerin tam kan düzeylerini saptamak ve kronik metal toksisitesi riski bulunan bireyleri tanımlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tam kan kurşun ve kadmiyum düzeyleri grafit fırınlı atomik absorpsiyon spectrometresi ile analiz edildi. Metal düzeyleri 211 erkek kan bağışı yapan bireyin (19-55 yaş arası, 33.718.69 yıl) tam kan ve serumlarında çalışıldı. İstatistiksel analiz SPSS v16 ile gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Kadmiyum, kurşun, çinko, bakır ve demir düzeylerinin ortalaması sırasıyla 1.270.88 µg L-1, 25.112.44 µg L-1, 0.970.16 mg L-1, 1.100.21 mg L-1, 476.5342.41 mg L-1 idi. Sadece bakır düzeyleri ile yaş arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif korelasyon saptandı (p0.01). Vücut kitle indeksi ve ölçülen tüm diğer metal seviyeleri arasında önemli bir korelasyon saaptanamadı (p0.05). Sigara içimi ile kadmiyum düzeyleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki gözlendi (p0.01). Tartışma: Sonuçlar, toksikologlara ve klinik kimyacılara insanların eser element eksikliği veya daha yüksek metal seviyelerine maruziyet hakkında bilgi sağlayabilir.
