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    Determination of HIF1-Ars11549465 Polymorphism in Elite Skiers
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2019 Eylül) Kaynar, Ömer; Bilici, M. Fatih; Sercan, Canan; Ulucan, Korkut
    Studies in sports genetics have increased nowadays and the identification of genotype and allelic distributions of candidate genes in different athletes has provided important information to sports scientists. One of the candidate genes studied in sports genetics is the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) gene, which is associated with the endurance phenotype. In our study, we aimed to determine the genotypic and allelic distribution of HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism in Turkish Elite cross-country athletes. 34 (23 male, 11 female) athletes were included in the study, and 1 cc of blood samples taken for routine analysis after the approval of the ethics committee was used for DNA isolation. The commercial kit was used for DNA isolation and genotyping was performed by Real-time PCR method. The number and percentage of CC, CT and TT genotypes of the HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism were 24 (72.72%), 8 (24.24%) and 1 (3.03), respectively. In male skiers CC, CT and TT genotype numbers and percentages were determined as 17 (55.51%), 4 (12.12%) and 1 (3.03%) respectively. In female, CC and TT genotypes were determined as 7 (21.21%) and 4 (12.12%). We detected no TT genotype in female athletes. When we look at allel numbers, C allele was determined as 56 (84.84%) and T allele was determined as 10 (15.15%). This is the first study on HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphism on Turkish elite ski cross-country athletes. The higher prevalence of CC genotype and C allele in the athlete group is similar to the previous studies on different groups of athletes. We believe that this study will be an important reference for further studies.
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    Distribution of Dopamine Receptor 2 DRD2 rs1800497 Polymorphisms in Professional Football Players: A Pilot Study
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021 Ağustos) Yılmaz, Özlem Özge; Polat, Tolga; Şılar, Çisem; Eken, Başak Funda; Doğan, Canan Sercan; Ulucan, Korkut; Tacal Aslan, Beste
    Previous studies have identified that genetic variation is a significant determinant of physical activity-related behaviors and for sport enthusiasm. Dopamine receptor genes have been linked to a higher degree of overall physical activity. The dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) rs1800497 polymorphism affects the brain’s dopaminergic system and athletic performance. However, little research has been done on the connection between DRD2 and sports participation, and the few studies that have been published are contradictory. This study aimed to determine the genotype and allele distributions of the DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphism in football players and compare them with the control group. For this purpose, 21 football players and 52 participants for control group were enrolled in our study. Genotyping was performed by PCR after DNAs were isolated from buccal epithelial cells. When we examined the genotype distributions, the AG and GG were found as 5 (24%) and 16 (76%), respectively. No AA genotype was found for DRD2. When allelic distributions were examined in the athlete group, the A allele was counted as 5 (12%) and the G allele as 37 (88%). In the control group, allelic distributions for A allele and G allele were 36 (%35), 68 (%65), in respectively. As we expected, in our study cohort, the DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphism was found to be dominated by the GG genotype and the G allele. However, we found no statistically significant differences between athlete and control group. Despite the limited sample size, the findings of this study may serve as a foundation for a larger study and point the way for future studies. Therefore, further studies with athletes from different branches and with larger study group are needed to reveal the effect of DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphism on athletic performance and physical activity-related behaviours.