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Öğe Developmental variations and clinical importance of the fetal thyroid gland: A morphometric study(2007) Cicekcibasi A.E.; Salbacak A.; Seker M.; Ziylan T.; Tuncer I.; Buyukmumcu M.Objetives: To investigate the morphologic structures and developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland in human fetuses. Methods: This study performed in the Department of Anatomy, Meram Faculty of Medicine between February and April in 2002. Fetuses were obtained from the Gynecology Department of the Meram Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, and Dr. Faruk Sukan Maternity Hospital (Konya, Turkey), Sixty spontaneously aborted fetuses (30 boys and 30 girls) between the ages of 13.5th and 32.5th weeks, which had no detectable anomalies, were evaluated. The gland was dissected under the microscope. The location of the gland was determined according to the tracheal ring levels and laryngeal cartilage levels. The length, width and thickness of both lobes and isthmus of the gland were measured and then, the developmental anomalies were noted. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by Least Squares in variant analysis. Results: Although there was no significant difference regarding to the gender for all parameters except in width of the right lobe (p<0.05), difference in the length and width of lobes and the length of isthmus between trimesters was significant (p<0.05). All measured parameters were increasing with advancing gestational age. The pyramidal lobe was observed in 18.3% of the cases. Conclusion: Normal dimensions and developmental anomalies of the fetal thyroid, which was shown in this study, may provide useful information for the prenatal diagnosis and in-utero treatment of thyroid dysfunctions.Öğe The levator claviculae muscle and unilateral third head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle: Case report [Músculo elevador de la clavícula y tercera cabeza unilateral del músculo esternocleidomastoídeo: Reporte de caso](Universidad de la Frontera, 2010) Fazliogullari Z.; Cicekcibasi A.E.; Dogan N.U.; Yilmaz M.T.; Buyukmumcu M.; Ziylan T.A rare case of unilateral third head of sternocleidomastoid and an extra muscle - levator claviculae were determined unilaterally in a 70-year-old male cadaver during the routine dissections. In the left neck side, it was observed that the sternocleidomastoid muscle also had a third part in addition to known sternal and clavicular heads and levator claviculae muscle which arose from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of the 3rd cervical vertebra and attached to the posterior margin of the clavicle. An awareness of this variations may be important because of its close relationship with neurovascular structures during neck operations.Öğe Morphometric assessment of brain stem and cerebellar vermis with midsagittal MRI: The gender differences and effects of age(2003) Murshed K.A.; Ziylan T.; Şeker, Muzaffer; Çiçekcibaşı, Aynur Emine; Açıkgözoğlu, SaimSince the development of MRI techniques, many neuroanatomical studies of normal brain growth and atrophy have been reported. Investigations of aging effects on the brain stem and cerebellum are important, not only to understand normal aging process, but also for comparative study of the pathophysiology of degenerative brain disorders. Sex differences in gross cerebellar neuroanatomy have been observed in several studies. In this study, our purpose was to assess the sex differences and the age-related morphological changes of the brain stem and the cerebellar vermis on midsagittal MRIs. According to radiologists' reports, midsagittal MRIs of 120 normal individuals were evaluated in this study. There were 50 males and 70 females. By tracing the outline contour of the cerebellar vermis and the brain stem, both brain regions were drawn in a transparent paper, scaled for the real size and saved in the computer. Calculation of the areas of both regions was performed by utilizing NETCAD for Windows program, and the collected data were statistically analysed by using SPSS software. Students's t test was applied for gender comparisons. To determine the associations between age and both areas, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated. Significant sex difference was found in the brain stem area favouring males (p<0.05) whereas no significant difference was recorded in the cerebellar vermis area. Non-significant age-associated decrease in brain stem and cerebellar vermis areas were found. The age-related changes in the brain stem and cerebellar vermis remains speculative, though some authors suggest a selective vulnerability of specific posterior fossa structures to the effects of aging and sex. © neuroanatomy.org.Öğe A Morphometric Evaluation of Some Important Bony Landmarks on the Skull Base Related to Sexes(2004) Çiçekcibaşi A.E.; Murshed K.A.; Ziylan T.; Şeker M.; Tuncer I.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the morphometric measurements of some important bony landmarks on the cranial base and to determine their relationships between the sexes and their bilateral differences. In this study, 60 (34 male and 26 female) skulls were obtained from the teaching skeletal collections at the Anatomy Department of Meram Medical School, Selçuk University. The axial length of the occipital condyles (ALOC), the anterior intercondylar distance (AICD), the sagittal intercondylar angle (OICA), the transverse and sagittal diameters of the jugular foramen (TDJF) and (SDJF), the distance from the apex of the mastoid process to the outer border of the jugular foramen (MJ), the distance from the apex of the mastoid process to the outermost lateral point of the foramen magnum (MFM) and the distance from the apex of the mastoid process to the center of the external opening of the carotid canal (MCF) were measured by using a millimetric sliding caliper and a goniometer. Student's t-test was used to compare the male-female and right-left measurements. To determine the relationships between the studied parameters, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated. The results showed that the ALOC of both sides and the AICD parameters were significantly longer in males than in females (P < 0.01). Bilateral differences in the studied parameters showed that the measurements on the right side were significantly greater than those on the left in the MCF, MFM, SDJF and TDJF. Significant associations were found among some of the studied measurements. We believe that the results of this study may be useful in cases of cranial base surgery, moreover a knowledge of the anatomical relationships and features of this region is very important for surgical approaches.
