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Öğe Effect of Antioxidant Therapy on Collagen Synthesis in Corrosive Esophageal Burns(Springer, 2002) Günel, Engin; Çağlayan, Fatma; Çağlayan, Osman; Canbilen, Aydan; Tosun, MuratTo investigate the efficacy of antioxidant therapy on collagen synthesis in corrosive esophageal burns, 110 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups of 22 animals each. A standard esophageal caustic burn was produced by 1 ml of 10% sodium hydroxide solution for the rats in groups B to E, group A was instilled only with 0.9% saline after preparation of the distal esophageal segment. Group A animals (controls) were uninjured and untreated. Group B had untreated esophageal burns. Esophageal burns were treated in group C with vitamin E (10 mg/kg IM), in group D with vitamin C (10 mg/kg IP), and in group E with methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg IM) on each of 5 days. Eight rats from each group were killed 4 days after initiation of the study and the abdominal esophagus was studied for tissue malondialdehyde (MDA; mumol/g protein) levels. The other rats were killed 28 days after initiation of the study and determination of hydroxyproline (HP) (mug/g tissue) levels in esophageal tissue was performed for 8 rats in each group. Histopathologic evaluation was also performed in the other 6 rats from each group. MDA levels in esophageal tissue were significantly lower in groups C (9.24 +/- 2.62, P < 0.01) and group E (6.26 +/- 2.22, P < 0.001) than in group B (12.35 +/- 1.80). HP levels were significantly lower in groups A (0.75 +/- 0.2 1, P < 0.001), C (1.11 +/- 0.15, P < 0.01), and E (0.96 +/- 0.15, P < 0.001) than in group B (1.40 +/- 0.20). Histopathologically, collagen deposition in the submucosa and tunica muscularis was lower in groups C and E than in group B (P < 0.05, and 0.01, respectively). Our results demonstrate that treatment with antioxidant drugs such as vitamin E and methylprednisolone decreased tissue HP levels, and thus inhibited new collagen synthesis and stricture formation in rats with alkali-induced caustic esophageal burns.Öğe The effect of cyanoacrylate in esophagocutaneous leakages occurring after esophageal anastomosis(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2009) Yurtçu, Müslim; Arbağ, Hamdi; Çağlayan, Osman; Abasıyanık, Adnan; Öz, MehmetObjective: Esophageal leakage (EL) continues to be a challenging pediatric surgical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cyanoacrylate (Cy) in EL followed esophageal repair (ER). Methods: Twelve rabbits were divided into control (C) and leakage (L) groups. A I cm-length transverse esophageal incision at the level of the cervical region was made. In both groups, feeding was started orally 24 h after the surgery for leakage creation. On postoperative day 7, primary repair was carried out in the C group and Cy instillation was performed in the L group. Esophagographic analysis was carried out on postoperative day 9 and the animals were fed orally on the same day on the condition that there was no esophageal leakage. The rabbits were sacrificed to measure diameters of the OR line, bursting pressure (BP), and hydroxyproline (HP) levels in the repaired cervical esophageal segment (RCES) 2 months later. Results: The values of BP and HP in the C group were significantly higher than those in the L group. The diameters of the OR line in the L group were significantly greater compared to those in the C group. Conclusions: Cy glue instillation seems to be the ideal treatment for esophageal anastomosis leakages as shown by increased diameters of the OR line and decreased HP levels. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Effect of moderate alcohol intake on lipid peroxidation in plasma, erythrocyte and leukocyte and on some antioxidant enzymes(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 1997) Akkuş, İdris; Gültekin, Fatih; Aköz, Mehmet; Çağlayan, Osman; Bahçacı, Sinan; Can, Ü. Gülsüm; Ay, Mahmut; Gürel, AhmetPlasma, erythrocyte and leukocyte lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and plasma gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were investigated in 36 healthy non-drinkers aged between 18-55 years (mean 38.7) and 72 alcohol drinkers aged between 20-48 years (mean 35.3) in order tb determine the oxidative effect of alcohol. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation of the drinkers (measured in terms of MDA) was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) reduced compared to that of controls. However, when Tukey-HSD and F test with ANOVA were performed, that significance disappears in those who consume less than 140 g of alcohol per day and persists in those who consume more than 140 g of alcohol per day (P < 0.05). Plasma GGT level was significantly increased compared to that of controls (P < 0.001). Also, there was a significant (P = 0.01) correlation between serum GGT level and the amount of alcohol. There were no significant differences between all the other parameters of both groups. Reduced lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes without any accompanying increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes shows that another mechanism might be responsible for this finding. This mechanism was thought to be an alteration in lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.Öğe Effects of Dietary Oils on Lipoproteins, Lipid Peroxidation and Thromboxane A2 Production in Chicks(2000) Gökçe, Recep; Akkuş, İdris; Yöntem, Mustafa; Ay, Mahmut; Gürel, Ahmet; Çağlayan, Osman; Bodur, Said; Ergün, SerdarThe effects of some commonly consumed oils on plasma lipids, lipid peroxidation and thromboxane A2 (TxA2) production in chicks were studied. A total of 150 1-day-old chicks were divided into 5 groups and selected as butter, margarine, sunflower oil, olive oil and corn oil groups. The oils were added to their chow as 5% (w/w) at the beginning and 7% at the end. After a period of 45 days, blood samples were obtained from the vena axillaris. Then, plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, LDL-C, thiobarbutiric acid reactive substrates (TBARS) as malondialdehyde (MDA) and TxA2 were measured. The results indicated that total cholesterol, HDL-C, HDL3-C and TxA2 levels were highest in the butter group whereas HDL2-C was highest in the olive oil group. The lowest HDL2-C was in the margarine group and the second lowest level was in the butter group. TBARS levels were highest in the corn oil group, lowest in the butter group and increased in the order butter<margarine< olive oil< sunflower oil< corn oil. Our findings show that unsaturated fats added to the chow of chicks are more peroxidated in their blood than saturated ones. The effect of this peroxidation on the meat of chicks and on those who eat them is not known. On the other hand, in spite of the fact that the metabolism of lipids, lipoproteins and TxA2 might be somewhat different from those in humans, these findings can be regarded as a guide for humans. It may be speculated that although unsaturated fats do not contain cholesterol they constitute a risk factor for many diseases including atherosclerosis, due to their low resistance to lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, although saturated fats constitute a risk factor for atherosclerosis due to their high cholesterol and saturated fatty acids contents, they are beneficial for humans due to their high resistance to lipid peroxidation. Therefore, in evaluating the consumption of fats, these 2 points must be taken into account. In addition, olive oil is the most resistant oil to lipid peroxidation among unsaturated oils and the low level of HDL2-C in the margarine group is interesting with respect to atherosclerosis. Also, our unexpected finding which shows that TxA2 production is higher in animals fed saturated fats than in those fed unsaturated ones needs to be investigated.Öğe Effects of Dietary Oils on Lipoproteins, Lipid Peroxidation and Thromboxane A2 Production in Chicks(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey, 2000) Gökçe, Recep; Akkuş, İdris; Yöntem, Mustafa; Ay, Mahmut; Gürel, Ahmet; Çağlayan, Osman; Bodur, Said; Ergün, SerdarThe effects of some commonly consumed oils on plasma lipids, lipid peroxidation and thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) production in chicks were studied. A total of 150 1-day-old chicks were divided into 5 groups and selected as butter, margarine, sunflower oil. olive oil and corn oil groups. The oils were added to their chow as 5% (w/w) at the beginning and 7% at the end. After a period of 45 days, blood samples were obtained from the vena axillaris. Then, plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C. HDL2-C, HDS-C. LDL-C, thiobarbutiric acid reactive substrates (TBARS) as malondialdehyde (MDA) and TxA(2) were measured, The results indicated that total cholesterol, HDL-C. HDL3-C and TxA(2) levels were highest in the butter group whereas HDL2-C was highest in the olive oil group. The lowest HDL2-C was in the margarine group and the second lowest level was in the butter group. TEARS levels were highest in the corn oil group, lowest in the butter group and increased in the order butterÖğe The Effects of Different Suture Techniques on Wound Healing in Abdomibnal Wall Closure(2001) Şahin, Mustafa; Karademir, Mehmet; Özer, Şükrü; Avşar, Fatih Mehmet; Çağlayan, Osman; Aksoy, Faruk; Aktan, MuratPurpose: The aim this study was to investigate the effects of different suture techniques on the healing of abdominal wall wound. Materials and Methods: 24 male Wistar albino rats were included in this study. The rats were divided into two groups. A 4 cm midline laparatomy was performed after ketamine HCl anesthesia. In Group I, the incision was sutured with 4/0 polypropylene interruptedly and in Group II, the wound was closed with 4/0 polypropylene continuously. The skin was sutured with an interrupted 4/0 silk suture. Then 2 cc of blood was withdrawn for biochemical and hematological tests by cardiac puncture. All the rats were killed on the 7th postoperative day. Tensile strength were measured and tissue samples were taken for hydroxyproline measurements and histopathological evaluation. Meanwhile intraabdominal adhesions were recorded. Results: Tensile strength was 751±31 g in Group I and 622±28 g in Group II. The difference was significant (p<0.05). Hydroxyproline levels were 3.13±0.15 µg/mg tissue in Group I and 2.81±0.15 µg/mg tissue in Group II. The difference was significant (p<0.05). Intraabdominal adhesions were found in 3 rats in Group I and in 6 rats in Group II. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding tissue fibroblast numbers (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between serological and hematological tests in the two groups. Conclusion: Closing the abdominal wall wound with the interrupted suture technique gave better results than with the continuous suture technique.Öğe The Effects of Different Suture Techniques on Wound Healing in Abdominal Wall Closure(2001) Şahin, Mustafa; Karademir, Mehmet; Özer, Şükrü; Avşar, Fatih Mehmet; Çağlayan, Osman; Aksoy, Faruk; Aktan, MuratPurpose: The aim this study was to investigate the effects of different suture techniques on the healing of abdominal wall wound. Materials and Methods: 24 male Wistar albino rats were included in this study. The rats were divided into two groups. A 4 cm midline laparatomy was performed after ketamine HCl anesthesia. In Group I, the incision was sutured with 4/0 polypropylene interruptedly and in Group II, the wound was closed with 4/0 polypropylene continuously. The skin was sutured with an interrupted 4/0 silk suture. Then 2 cc of blood was withdrawn for biochemical and hematological tests by cardiac puncture. All the rats were killed on the 7th postoperative day. Tensile strength were measured and tissue samples were taken for hydroxyproline measurements and histopathological evaluation. Meanwhile intraabdominal adhesions were recorded. Results: Tensile strength was 751±31 g in Group I and 622±28 g in Group II. The difference was significant (p<0.05). Hydroxyproline levels were 3.13±0.15 ?g/mg tissue in Group I and 2.81±0.15 ?g/mg tissue in Group II. The difference was significant (p<0.05). Intraabdominal adhesions were found in 3 rats in Group I and in 6 rats in Group II. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding tissue fibroblast numbers (p<O.05). There was no significant difference between serological and hematological tests in the two groups. Conclusion: Closing the abdominal wall wound with the interrupted suture technique gave better results than with the continuous suture technique.Öğe The healing effects of tissue glues and healing agent locally applied on esophageal anastomoses(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2010) Yurtçu, Müslim; Arbağ, Hamdi; Toy, Hatice; Eryılmaz, Mehmet Akif; Çağlayan, Osman; Abasıyanık, AdnanObjective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of cyanoacrylate (C), fibrin glue (FG), and natrium hyaluronate (NH) on the healing of esophageal anastomosis (EA). Methods: Twenty-four rabbits were divided equally into 4 groups: primary anastomosis (PA), C, FG, and NH. A 1-cm-length of the cervical esophagus was resected through a cervical incision and then anastomosis was performed. C, FG, and NH were instilled into anastomosis lines in the respective groups. The animals were fed orally on postoperative day 7 on the condition that there was no esophageal leakage. The rabbits were sacrificed 8 weeks later to evaluate bursting pressure (BP), tissue hydroxyproline (HP) levels and wound healing scores (WHSs) in the anastomosis lines. Results: BP was significantly higher in the C group than in the PA, FG, and NH groups, and HP was significantly lower than in the other groups. WHSs in the PA and NH groups were lower than in the C and FG groups. Conclusions: C and NH appear to be beneficial in EA healing with respect to increased BP and decreased HP when they are used simultaneously with PA prophylactically to prevent esophageal leakages and stricture. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe I?ntestinal İskemi/Reperfüzyon Sonrası Diğer Organlardaki Oksidan Stresin Araştırılması(2000) Çağlayan, Fatma; Çağlayan, Osman; Günel, Engin; Çakmak, Muratİskemi/reperfüzyon hasarlanmasında tetikleyici olarak sorumlu tutulan reaktif oksijen metabolitleri primer olarak meydana geldikleri organda hasarlanmaya neden olurken aynı zamanda diğer organ ve sistemleri de etkilemektedir. Intestinal iskemi reperfüzyon çalışmalarında akciğer, karaciğer, kalp ve kemik iliğinde bu etkiler gösterilmiştir. Çalışmamızda intestinal iskemi reperfüzyonda karaciğer akciğer ve böbrekte oksidan stres ölçüldü. Toplam 18 adet tavşan üç gruba ayrıldı. 1. grup (n=6) bir saatlik ileum iskemisi, 2. grup (n=6) bir saat iskemi bir saat reperfüzyon, 3. grup (n=6) sham grubu olarak çalışıldı. Deney sonunda tüm gruplardan karaciğer, akciğer ve böbrek doku örnekleri alındı. Doku homojenatlarında malondialdehid ve glutatyon düzeyleri ölçüldü. Her üç grubun sonuçları birbirleriyle karşılaştırıldı. Tüm dokularda reperfüzyon grubu malondialdehid düzeyleri sham grubundan anlamlı yüksekti (p<0,05). Glutatyon düzeyleri akciğer dokusunda gruplar arasında farksızken, karaciğer ve böbrek dokularında reperfüzyon grubunda sham grubundan anlamit düşüktü (p<0,05). Bu sonuçlar her üç dokunun da intestinal iskemi reperfüzyon sonrası oksidan stres altında kaldığını göstermektedir.Öğe Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion and Plasma Enzyme Levels(2002) Çağlayan, Fatma; Çağlayan, Osman; Günel, Engin; Elcuman, Yeşim; Çakmak, MuratDetermination of blood levels of intracellular enzymes is an appropriate method to evaluate tissue and organ damage. To show systemic tissue damage resulting from intestinal ischemia-reperfusion, New Zealand rabbits underwent 60 min intestinal ischemia and 60 min reperfusion. Plasma samples were obtained before and at 55, 70, and 120 min after operation and enzyme levels were determined. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) showed a significant increase during reperfusion while lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) levels were significantly increased at the end of ischemia and continued to be so through-out reperfusion. It is difficult to claim that enzymes arise from the intestine, but an increase of CK, LDH, and later of AST without any increase in alanine aminotransferase levels during ischemia suggests that their primary source is the injured intestine. Increased levels of plasma enzymes do not provide exact information about the location, but do reveal the presence of an injury.Öğe İntestinal iskemi-reperfüzyonun doku çinko düzeyine etkisi(1998) Çağlayan, Osman; Çağlayan, Fatma; Günel, Engin; Gülen, SalihaAmaç: Bu çalışmada intestinal iskemi-reperfüzyon (İR) sonrası doku çinko (Zn) düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Oniki beyaz Yeni Zelanda tavşanı sham ve iskemi-reperfüzyon gruplarına ayrıldı. İR grubunda 1 saat intestinal iskemi oluşturuldu. 1 saat reperfüzyon sonrası hayvanlar öldürülerek barsak, akciğer, karaciğer ve böbrekten doku örnekleri alındı. Sham grubuna ÎR dışında diğer cerrahi işlemler uygulandı. 2 saat sonunda bunlardan da aynı şekilde doku örnekleri alındı. Numuneler deiyonize su içinde homojenize edildi. Santrifüj sonrası süpernatanda protein ve Zn ölçüldü. Doku Zn seviyesi mcg Zn/g protein olarak hesaplandı. Verilerin analizinde Mann-Whitney U testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: İR grubunda Zn seviyesi sham grubuna göre barsakta yüksek, akciğerde düşüktü. Fakat her iki grubun karaciğer ve böbrek dokusunda fark yoktu. Sonuç: intestinal İR, ilgili barsak segmentindeki hasarın yanı sıra sistemik hasara da yol açar. Akciğerdeki Zn azalması bu olay sırasında gelişen akut uzak organ yaralanmasına bağlıdır. Sarsaktaki yüksek Zn içeriği, iskemi-reperfüzyona bağlı artmış mukozal perméabilité nedeniyle olabilir. Bu konuda daha fazla bilgi elde etmek için doku Zn içeriği yanında Cu-Zn SOD aktivitesi de ölçülmelidir.Öğe Investigation of Erythrocyte Membrane Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Defense Systems of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Documented by Angiography(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 1996) Akkuş, İdris; Sağlam, Nesrin Irmak; Çağlayan, Osman; Vural, Hüseyin; Kalak, Sadinaz; Sağlam, MustafaIn the present study, erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum vitamin C levels of subjects with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) documented by coronary angiography have been determined. Patients consisted of 42 subjects (31 male, 11 female) aged between 41 and 77 years and controls consisted of 35 subjects (21 male, 14 female) aged between 40 and 69 years. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation of the patients was significantly higher (P < 0.005) whereas erythrocyte SOD, GSH-Px activities and serum vitamin C levels were lower than those of controls. Our results show significant alteration in erythrocyte membranes and anti-oxidant status of patients with CAD. However, whether such alterations are a primary cause or consequence of CAD and whether these alterations can be used in the diagnosis and management of the disease needs further investigation.Öğe Leukocyte Lipid Peroxidation, Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase and Serum and Leukocyte Vitamin C Levels of Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 1996) Akkuş, İdris; Kalak, Sadinaz; Vural, Hüseyin; Çağlayan, Osman; Menekşe, Elif; Can, Gülsüm; Durmuş, BilalIn the present study, leukocyte lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum and leukocyte vitamin C levels of patients with type II diabetes mellitus and healthy controls were investigated. Patients consisted of 53 cases (23 male, 30 female) aged 35-75 years and controls of 34 subjects (15 male, 19 female) aged 34-66 years. Leukocyte lipid peroxidation of diabetics was significantly increased (P < 0.05) whereas vitamin C level was decreased (P < 0.05) compared to those of controls. There was no significant difference in the other parameters. Also, there was no correlation between the above parameters and HbA(1)c and glucose levels. Our results show that leukocytes of diabetics are affected by oxidative stress which might be a reason for decreased microbicidal activity.Öğe Lösemili Hastalarda Lipid Peroksidasyonu, Serum ve Lökosit İçi Glutatyon Peroksidaz ve Süperoksit Dismutaz Aktivitelerinin Araştırılması(2001) Bahçacı, Sinan; Gültekin, Fatih; Akkuş, İdris; Vatansev, Hüsamettin; Çağlayan, Osman; Ataş, ErkanAMAÇ: Serbest radikallerin lösemideki rolleri ile antioksidan enzim aktivitelerinin araştırılması. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu çalışma, 2-21 yaşları arasında klinik ve laboratuar bulguları ile lösemi teşhisi konmuş 17 hasta (13 erkek, 4 kadın) ile hiç bir klinik şikayeti olmayan 5-22 yaşları arasında 18 sağlıklı kişi (7 erkek, 11 kadın) üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Hem serum hem de lökosit içi malondialdehit (MDA) ve d-reaktif oksijen metabolitleri (d-ROM) düzeyleri ve glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) aktivitesi ile lökosit içi süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) aktivitesi tayin edildi. BULGULAR: Hasta grubunda hem serum hem de lökosit içi MDA ve d-ROM düzeylerinin kontrol grubuna göre önemli oranda artmış olduğu bulundu (p0,05). Lökosit içi SOD ile serum ve lökosit içi GSH-Px düzeylerinde gruplar arasında önemli bir fark bulunmadı (p0,05). SONUÇ: Lösemide gerek serum gerekse lökosit içi oksidatif stresin önemli oranda arttığı buna karşılık antioksidan enzim aktivitesinde önemli bir değişiklik olmadığı ve bu durumun tedavide dikkate alınması gerektiği kanaatine varıldı.Öğe Malign plörezilerin tanısında plevra sıvısı fukoz düzeyi tayininin değeri(1995) Özer, Faruk; Karasüleymanoğlu, Aynur; Çağlayan, Osman; Can, Gülsüm; İmecik, Oktay[Abstract not Available]Öğe Oxidative Stress in Mothers and Their Newborns in Different Types of Labour(2002) Mehmetoğlu, İdris; Kart, Ali; Çağlayan, Osman; Çapar, Metin; Gökçe, Recep[Abstract not Available]Öğe Plevra Sıvılarının Transuda-Eksuda Ayrımında Glutatyon Peroksidaz Enzim Aktivitesinin Tanısal Değeri(1997) Uzun, Kürşat; Özer, Faruk; Çağlayan, Osman; Ay, Mahmut; İmecik, OktayAmaç: Bu çalışmada plevra sıvısı serumundaki glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) enzim aktivitesinin transuda-eksuda ayırımındaki değerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya alınan 52 plörezili olgunun (34 erkek ve 18 kadın) Light kriterlerine göre 44'ü eksuda (%85), 8'i transuda (%15) vasfındaydı. Bulgular: Plevra sıvısında GSH-Px eksudalı olgularda 5109 869 U/L, transudalı olgularda 4766 365 U/L olup aralarında istatistiksel açıdan fark yoktu. Plevra sıvısında GSH-Px’ı 5500 U/L sınır değer aldığımızda spesifite %87, sensitivite %36 olarak saptandı. Plevra sıvısı GSH-Px değerinin serum değerine oranı eksudalı olgularda 0.96 0.04, transudalı olgularda 0.88 0.07 idi ve aralarında önemli bir farkyoktu. Plevra sıvısı/serum oranının 1.00 olması sınır değer kabul edilirse spesifite %75, sensitivite %36 idi. Sonuç: Bu bulgular eksudalı olgularda oksidatif stresin ve buna bağlı olarak GSH-Px'in arttığını göstermektedir. GSH-Px değerinin 5500 U/L'den, plevra sıvısı/serum oranının 1.00’den fazla olması plörezinin eksuda olabileceğini ifade edebilir. Transuda-eksuda ayırımında GSH-Px enzim aktivite tayininin faydalı bir yöntem olamayacağı kanısına varıldı.Öğe Reactive oxygen radical levels in caustic esophageal burns(W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, 1999) Günel, Engin; Çağlayan, Fatma; Çağlayan, Osman; Akıllıoğlu, İshakPurpose: This study was designed to determine the tissue levels of reactive oxygen radicals in caustic esophageal burns in a rat model. Methods: Forty rats were divided into four groups of 10 animals each,The control rats were uninjured in group A, and the others were injured rats in groups B, C, and D. Through a median laparatomy incision, a 1.5-cm abdominal esophageal segment was isolated and tied with 2-0 chromic sutures in all groups as described by Gehanno. One milliliter of 10% sodium hydroxide solution in groups B, C, and D and 0.9% saline solution in group A were instilled through the isolated segment via a no. 24 cannula for 3 minutes, then the esophagus was rinsed for 1 minute with distilled water. The studied 1.5 cm of the abdominal esophagus was removed from each animal 24 hours after caustic injury in group B, 48 hours after in group C, and 72 hours after in group D. In group A, studied uninjured segments were removed for biochemical investigation. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined for each group. Results: The mean MDA levels in esophageal tissue were significantly higher in groups B, C, and D than in group A (P < .05). Moreover, the mean GSH levels in the same esophageal tissues were significantly lower in groups C and D than in groups A and B (P < .05). Conclusion: The reactive oxygen radicals may be play an important role in early phase of caustic esophageal burns by increasing the tissue damage. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company.Öğe Serum Levels of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Apolipoproteins in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Documented by Angiography(1996) Koçyiğit, Abdurrahim; Akkuş, İdris; Vural, Hüseyin; Gök, Hasan; Çağlayan, Osman; Durmuş, Bilal; Çelik, Mehmet; Menekşe, ElifSerum Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), phospholipid (PL), Apo A-I, Apo B, lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C,HDL2-C, HDL3-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and free cholesterol (FC) levels of 108 subjects with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) documented by coronary angiography were investigated. Subjects were classified as normal and patients with CAD according to degree of vascular stenosis. Those with ? 50% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery branch were referred as patients with CAD. Patients consisted of 27 women aged 38-73 years and 44 men aged 31-72 years. Controls were 20 women aged 38-77 years and 17 men aged 38-77 years. Men with CAD had significantly higher plasma Lp(a), TC and LDL-C levels than the male controls. They also had significantly lower levels of Apo A-I, HDL-C and HDL2-C. Also, ratios of Apo B/Apo A-I and LDL-C/HDL-C were higher, whereas HDL2-C/HDL-C, HDL-C, TC and HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratios were lower than those of controls. On the other hand plasma Lp(a), Apo B, TC and FC levels of the women with CAD were significantly higher whereas HDL-2-C level was lower compared to the values of the female controls. Ratios of Apo B/Apo A-I and LDL-C/HDL-C were significantly higher, HDL2-C/HDL-C and HDL3-C and HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio were lower than those of female controls. We concluded that Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for CAD and HDL2-C and HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio are the best indicators of CAD both in men and women.Öğe Treatment of Intestinal Reperfusion Injury Using Antioxidative Agents(W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, 1998) Günel, Engin; Çağlayan, Fatma; Çağlayan, Osman; Dilsiz, Alaeddin; Duman, Selçuk; Aktan, MuratBackground/Purpose: A number of antioxidants are present in human tissues, which comprise the secondary defence system against the oxygen-free radicals and oxidative stress. Therefore, this study was undertaken in an animal model to investigate the effects of antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, methyl prednisolone, and mannitol, on the treatment of intestinal reperfusion injury when given during ischemia. Methods: The study was performed on six groups of animals, each composed of six rabbits: Group I, mesenteric ischemia group; group R, ischemia-reperfusion group; group E, ischemia-reperfusion plus Vitamin E treatment; group C, ischemia-reperfusion plus vitamin C treatment; group CS, ischemia-reperfusion plus corticosteroid treatment; and Group M, ischemia-reperfusion plus mannitol treatment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels of the intestinal mucosa were assayed to reflect the free radical formation. Results: Mucosal injury scores in the M and C groups were significantly lower than the R group (P < .01 and P < .01, respectively), and in the E and CS groups, mucosal injury scores were not significantly different from R group. MDA levels in the M and C groups were significantly lower than the R group (P < .01 and P < .01, respectively). GSH levels in the E, C, and M groups, were significantly higher than R group (P < .01, P < .05, and P < .01, respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that antioxidant drugs, such as vitamin C and mannitol, may play a role in attenuating reperfusion injury of the gut demonstrated by depression of tissue MDA levels and by elevation of tissue GSH levels.
