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Öğe Buzağı Beslemede Ekonomi?k Değeri? Olmayan Sütleri?n Kullanım Olanakları(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 1999) İnal, Fatma; Arslan, CavitColostrum should be fed to calves as soon after birth as possible to protect against disease. Colostral milk produced the first 3 to 5 days postpartum is not marketable and usually is produced in excess of the calf's requirement. Surplus colostrum can be frozen and stored for a period of 1 year or longer. Also unsalable milk product has been fermented and fed to calves instead of commercial milk replacers or normal milk. Fermented colostrum for young calves is an excellent source of nutrients. Also it is an effective and economic alternative to whole milk or milk replacer in diet of young calves. Mastitic milk and discard milk (unmarketable milk from cows that were treated for mastitis, metritis or other healthy problems) may be fed fresh, natural fermented or preserved with on organic acid and other chemical (NaHCO3, Na-benzoat, bacterial culture, formaldehyde) for subsequent use. Abnormal milk (bloody or watery) shouldn't be fed. Milk from cows treated with antibiotics for mastitis and other disorders can be fed safely to calves. It can be fed in fresh or fermented form.Öğe Determination of Apparent Nutrient Digestibility of Different Roughage Sources in Geese(EUGEN ULMER GMBH CO, 2003) Arslan, Cavit; İnal, FatmaThe aim of this study was to determine the apparent nutrient digestibility of different roughage sources (alfalfa meal, grass meal, dried sugar beet pulp) in Turkish native geese. Totally, 21 one year old, male geese were used in this experiment. Geese were divided into three groups according to the Eve weight and each goose was kept in an individual cage. The study was conducted according to the 3 x 3 Latin square procedure with 7 repetitions. Apparent nutrient digestibility of roughage was determined by a force feeding method. Apparent digestibility of organic matter, crude fibre, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in alfalfa meal, grass meal and dried sugar beet pulp were determined as 47.9, 41.2 and 47.6, 43.8, 27.9 and 24.6 (P < 0.01), 22.8, 29.3 and 45.7 (P < 0.01), 6.9, 16.2 and 19.8% respectively. Apparent nutrient digestibility of alfalfa meal, grass meal and dried sugar beet pulp of Turkish native geese was found to be similar to other geese breeds.Öğe Effect of fattening length, sex and feather colour on growth and fattening performance in native Turkish geese(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2011) Saatcı, Mustafa; Arslan, Cavit; Ünal, Yücel; Tilki, Muammer; Aksoy, Ali RızaAmaç: Çalışma entansif şartlarda yetiştirilen yerli Türk kazlarında besi performansı üzerine; besi süresi, cinsiyet ve tüy renginin etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada toplam 145 adet kaz civcivi kullanılmıştır. Kazlar her bir besi süresi içinde (10 ve 12 hafta) tüy rengine göre 4 gruba bölündü. Kazlar, kanat numarası takılarak haftalık olarak tartıldı. Bulgular: Çalışma sonunda besi grupları arasında (10 ve 12 hafta) canlı ağırlık bakımından herhangi bir istatistik fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Hem tüy rengi hem de cinsiyet ise 5. haftadan itibaren çalışma bitimine kadar canlı ağırlık üzerinde etkili olmuştur (p<0.05). En yüksek canlı ağırlık kazancı sarı tüy rengine sahip kazlarda, en düşük canlı ağırlık kazancı ise alaca kazlarda belirlenmiştir. Hocam buraya, Çalışma ile entansif şartlarda yetiştirilen yerli kazlar için ilave bilgiler sağlanmış olup, sarı tüy rengine sahip kazların diğer kazlardan daha fazla canlı ağırlık kazandığı tespit edilmiştir. Öneri: Elde edilen sonuçlar entansif şartlarda yetiştirilen yerli kazların besisinin, canlı ağırlık artışındaki düşme ve yem tüketimindeki artıştan dolayı 9-10 haftalık yaştan sonra uygun olmayacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.Öğe Effects of Diets Containing White Lupin Seeds on the Performance of Japanese Quails(2002) Arslan, Cavit; Şeker, ErdoğanThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets containing lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.) processed differently on performance of Japanese quails. Chicks (360) were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 treatments. During 6 weeks of the experimental period, 6 pens of each containing 15 birds were fed diets containing either no lupin seeds (C), 15% raw lupin seeds (R), or 15% lupin seeds processed according to the Traditional Turkish Method (TTM) and extruded (E) to eliminate alkaloids. Performance parameters were live weight (LW), feed consumption (FC), and feed conversion efficiency (FCE). At the end of trial, LW was 169, 161, 166, and 162 g and average daily gain was 3.8, 3.7, 3.8, and 3.7 g for birds receiving diet C, R, TTM, and E respectively. Average FC and FCE for birds receiving diet C, R, TTM, and E were 14.9, 15.2, 15.2, and 14.0 g per day and 3.87, 4.00, 3.92, and 3.71 respectively. In conclusion, inclusion of raw or processed lupin seeds into diets did not affect performance of quails. It appeared that lupin seeds could be added into rations up to 15% without compromising feed consumption and regressing the growth in Japanese quails. For removal of alkaloids, the traditional Turkish method was more effective than the extrusion method.Öğe Effects of Processed White Lupin Seed (Lupinus Albus L.) on Growth Performance of Japanese Quail(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2002) Arslan, Cavit; Şeker, EsraThis study was carried out to determine the effects of differently processed white lupin seeds on growth performance in Japanese quail. Three hundred and sixty quail chicks were randomly distributed among four treatments using fifteen birds per pen and six pen replicates per treatment. Lupin seeds were processed to the Turkish Traditional Method (TTM) and extrusion (E) to eliminate alkaloids. Ours results indicate that TTM was more effective in elimination of lupin alkaloids than E. The diet of control (C) group did not include lupin. The other groups were fed with diets containing 15 % raw (R), TTM processed and E lupin. The study lasted for 6 weeks, first 3 weeks as starter period, last 3 weeks as growing period. At the end of the experimental period in the C, R, TTM and E white lupin groups live weight were found to be 166.79, 160.99, 166.53 and 161.58 g, average daily gain; 3.81, 3.67, 3.85 and 3.68 g, average feed intake; 14.87, 15.17, 15.17 and 14.04 g/day, average feed efficiency 3.87, 4.00, 3.92 and 3.71 respectively. It is concluded that R, TTM-processed and E lupins fed up to the 15 % level in quail ration had no negative effect on the growth performance of the animals.Öğe Effects of Processed White Lupin Seed (Lupinus Albus L.) on Growth Performance of Japanese Quail(2002) Arslan, Cavit; Şeker, ErdoğanThis study was carried out to determine the effects of differently processed white lupin seeds on growth performance in Japanese quail. Three hundred and sixty quail chicks were randomly distributed among four treatments using fifteen birds per pen and six pen replicates per treatment. Lupin seeds were processed to the Turkish Traditional Method (TTM) and extrusion (E) to eliminate alkaloids. Ours results indicate that TTM was more effective in elimination of lupin alkaloids than E. The diet of control (C) group did not include lupin. The other groups were fed with diets containing 15% raw (R), TTM processed and E lupin. The study lasted for 6 weeks, first 3 weeks as starter period, last 3 weeks as growing period. At the end of the experimental period in the C, R, TTM and E white lupin groups live weight were found to be 166.79, 160.99, 166.53 and 161.58 g, average daily gain; 3.81, 3.67, 3.85 and 3.68 g, average feed intake; 14.87, 15.17, 15.17 and 14.04 g/day, average feed efficiency 3.87, 4.00, 3.92 and 3.71 respectively. It is concluded that R, TTM-processed and E lupins fed up to the 15% level in quail ration had no negative effect on the growth performance of the animals.Öğe Effects of Supplementation of Encapsulated Essential Oil Blend to Dairy Cow Rations on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Digestibility(Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2023) Ahmad, Muhammad Moiez; Arslan, CavitBu in vitro çalışma, iki farklı oranda NDF içeren süt ineği toplam karışım rasyonlarına (% 36.48 NDF = TKR-1 ve % 46.07 NDF = TKR-2) değişen dozlarda (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 ve 500 mg/L) etken madde olarak kaplanmış formda kişniş tohumu yağı, eugenol, geranil asetat, ve geraniol içeren ticari bir esansiyel yağ karışımı ilavesinin bazı rumen fermentasyon parametreleri ile kuru madde ve NDF sindirimi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla iki deneme halinde yapıldı. Deneme I ve Deneme II'de; kaba: konsantre yem oranı 60: 40 olan toplam karışım rasyonla beslenen yaklaşık 650 kg canlı ağırlıktakı iki adet kanüllü süt ineğinden alınan rumen sıvısı kullanıldı. Deneme I; otomatik modüler in vitro gaz üretim sistemi ile yapıldı. Bu denemede; esansiyel yağ karışımı ilavesinin rumen fermentasyon ürünlerinden total gaz üretimi, pH, amonyak azotu, total uçucu yağ asitleri, asetik-, propiyonik- ve bütirik asit üretimi üzerine etkileri 24. ve 48. saatlerde belirlendi. Ayrıca, üretilen asetik-, propiyonik- ve bütirik asit miktarından hareketle TKR-1 ve TKR-2'nin ürettiği karbondioksit ile asetik-, bütirik asit ve karbondioksit miktarından hareketle metan miktarı, 24. satte üretilen gaz miktarı ve besin madde içeriğinden hareketle organik madde sindirilebilirliği ve metabolik enerji değerleri hesaplandı. Deneme II; Daisy in vitro Fermentation System tekniğiyle yapıldı. Esansiyel yağ ilavesinin TKR-1 ve TKR-2'nin in vitro gerçek kuru madde ve NDF sindirilebilirliği Ankom DaisyII Inkübatör'de 48 saatlik inkübasyonun ardından belirlendi. Deneme I sonucunda; farklı oranlarda esansiyel yağ karışımı ilavesinin TKR-1 ve TKR-2'de yukarıda adı geçen rumen fermentasyon ürünleri, karbondioksit ve metan üretimi ile organic madde sindirimi ve metabolik enerji değeri üzerine olumlu yada olumsuz etkisinin olmadığı belirlendi. TKR-2'de inkübasyonun 24. saattindeki total gaz üretimi, propionik asit konsantrasyonu, organik madde sindirimi ve metabolik enerji değerinin linear olarak arttığı tespit edildi. Deneme II sonucunda; TKR-1 ve TKR-2'nin in vitro gerçek kuru madde ve NDF sindiriminin genel olarak orta (200 ve 300 mg/L) ve yüksek (400 ve 500 mg/L) düzeydeki esansiyel yağ karışımı ilavelerinde arttığı belirlendi. Bu araştırmada elde edilen bazı rumen fermentasyonu parametreleri ve besin madde sindirilebilirliği sonuçlarına göre, kapsüle edilmiş formda esansiyel yağ karışımı ilavesinin total gaz üretimi, pH, amonyak azotu, total uçucu yağ asitleri, asetik-, propiyonik- ve bütirik asit, metan, organik madde sindirilebilirliği ve metabolik enerji değeri üzerinde değişikliğe sebep olmadığı, orta ve yüksek dozlarda ilavelerin ise kuru madde ve NDF sindirimi üzerinde olumlu etki yaptığı kanaatine ulaşıldı.Öğe Farklı Kaba Yem Kaynaklarının Yerli Kazlarda Büyüme Performansı ve Karkas Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi(2002) Arslan, Cavit; İnal, FatmaThis study was carried out to determine the effects of different roughage sources (alfalfa meal, grass meal and sugar beet pulp) on growth performance and carcass properties in geese. During the research, 51 one-day-old native geese chicks were used. Chicks were fed jointly for the first two weeks. At the beginning of the third week, the geese were divided into three groups. During weeks 3-10 different roughage (alfalfa meal, grass meal and sugar beet pulp) and concentrates were offered in separate feeders. During the third week concentrate was offered a 100 g/day/bird and increased 50 g a week until the sixth week along with roughage ad libitum. In the eleventh week, each group was divided into two groups and roughage was offered in two forms until the sixth week. The first group was fed on a dry matter basis at a ratio of 25% roughage + 75% concentrate with homogeneous mixing. The second group was fed concentrate at 185 g/day and ad libitum roughage in separate feeders. On a dry matter base at a ratio of 25% roughage mixed with concentrate, finishing live weights in the alfalfa meal, grass meal and sugar beet pulp groups were found to be 4059.83, 4172.81 and 2976.93 g, respectively (P<0.05). In the ad libitum roughage groups these values were 4001.20, 4332.30 and 4056.05 g, respectively. At the end of the trial, the lowest- and the highest-weight geese were separated from each group, and these 6 geese were slaughtered and carcass quality was investigated. Dressing percentages were found to be 69.40, 67.73 and 64.15% (P<0.05) on a dry matter basis at a ratio 25% roughage in the concentrate alfalfa meal, grass meal and sugar beet pulp groups, and 70.98, 66.02 and 69.20% (P<0.05) in the ad libitum groups.Öğe Farklı Kaba Yem Kaynaklarının Yerli Kazlarda Büyüme Performansı ve Karkas Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey, 2002) Arslan, Cavit; İnal, FatmaBu araştırma, kazlarda farklı kaba yem kaynaklarının (yonca unu, çayır kuru otu, şeker pancarı posası) büyüme performansı ve karkas özellikleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmış ve 51 adet günlük kaz civcivi kullanılmıştır. İlk 2 hafta ortak besleme yapılmış, 10. haftanın sonuna kadar farklı kaba ve konsantre yemler ayrı yemliklerde verilmiştir. Üçüncü haftanın başında kaz civcivleri canlı ağırlık ortalamaları birbirine yakın ve her birinde 17 hayvan olacak şekilde 3 kaba yem grubuna ayrılmıştır. Konsantre yem miktarı, üçüncü haftada kaz başına 100 g/gün olarak başlamış, hayvanlar 6 haftalık olana kadar her hafta 50 g artırılmıştır. Onbirinci hafta her kaba yem grubu kendi içinde ikiye ayrılmıştır. Birinci gruba; kuru madde esasına göre rasyonun % 25'ini kaba yem + % 75'ini konsantre yem oluşturacak şekilde ve yemler homojen karıştırılarak verilmiştir. İkinci gruba: kaz başına 185 g/gün konsantre yem + ad libitum kaba yem olacak şekilde, kaba ve konsantre yemler ayrı ayrı yemliklerde verilmiştir. Kaba yem rasyonun % 25 ini oluşturacak şekilde konsantre yemle karıştırılarak verildiğinde; bitiş canlı ağırlığı, yonca unu, çayır kuru otu ve şeker pancarı posası gruplarında 4059,83; 4172,81ve 2976,93 g olarak bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Ad libitum kaba yem verilen gruplarda ise aynı sıraya göre canlı ağırlık: 4001,20: 4332,30 ve 4056,05 g olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Deneme sonunda; her gruptan 6'şar tane kaz kesilerek karkas özellikleri incelenmiştir. Karkas randımanı kuru madde bazında % 25 kaba yem tüketen yonca unu, çayır kuru otu ve şeker pancarı posası gruplarında % 69,40; 67,73 ve 64,15 (P<0.05); ad libitum kaba yem tüketen gruplarda ise; % 70,98; 66,02 ve 69,20 (P<0.05) olarak bulunmuştur.Öğe Farklı Oranlarda Protein I?çeren Rasyonlarla Beslenen Kaya Kekli?kleri?nde (Alectoris Graeca) Büyüme Özelli?kleri?(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2001 Mart) Garip, Mustafa; Yılmaz, Alper; Kırıkçı, Kemal; Arslan, CavitThis study was carried out to determine the effects of different protein levels on growth characteristics in rock partridges. A total of 279 partridges were used in this study. Partridges were fed the diets with 16, 20, 24, 28% CP in 0-5 weeks, (Group I, II, III, IV), and 14, 18, 22, 24 % CP in 6-9 weeks. At the end of the research, live weight in groups were found to be 282.02, 333.38, 357.75 and 372.10 g respectively (P<0.001). As a result, depend on the increase of protein level in diets live weight and feed efficiency were increased.Öğe Japon Bıldırcını Rasyonlarında Ayçi?çeği? Tohumunun Kullanılabi?li?rli?ği?(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2000) İnal, Fatma; Garip, Mustafa; Arslan, CavitThis study was carried out to determine to full fat sunflower seed supplementation in Japanese quail diets 0, 10, 20 and 30% on growth performance, carcass characteristic, egg production and quality, hatchery traits. The research was conducted two experiment. In experiment 1, totally 224 (one day old) quail were used. Quails were fed containing 0, 10, 20 and 30% with full fat sunflower seed in ration during 6 weeks. Live weight in groups were found 164.22 170.60, 169.57 and 175.72 g (p>0.05) carcass weight 115.09, 116.32, 115.94 and 114.06 g respectively (P > 0.05) In experiment II, totally 120 (45 days old) quail were used. 0, 10, 20 and 30 % full fat sunflower seed added ration. At the end of the 15 weeks of research, there were no significant differences between control and experiment groups about egg production. Feed intake in groups were found 24.56, 24.41, 24.40, 24.46 g. There weren't sig nificant differences between groups respects of fertility, hatchery, hatchability of fertilizing eggs and, late embryonic died (P > 0.05) Based in this study, it was concluded that in fattening and breeding quail rations 10, 20 and, 30% level sunflower seed can addition without any adverse effect on performance.Öğe Kars ilindeki süt ineklerinin kış dönemindeki besleme ilkeleri(Ataturk Universitesi, 2018) Arslan, Cavit; Tufan, TuncayThis research was conducted as a survey study to determine the winter feeding principles of dairy cows in Kars province. For this purpose, face to face survey conducted with dairy cow managers in the city center and the districts of Kars. 10 of the surveys were carried out with the dairy cow managers in Kars province center and the rest were carried out with 45 dairy cow managers in Susuz, Arpaçay, Akyaka, Selim, Sarikamiş, Kağizman and Digor (five in each district) that are districts of Kars. As a result of this study; it was determined that most common used bulky feeds were straw, dried grass and dried sainfoin, and also the most common used concentrate feeds were barley crumbs and cattle milk feed in the dairy farm in Kars province in the winter season. It was found that all of the managers were provided with concentrated feed their cattle, and they offered roughage and concentrated feeds by mixed form. The 44% of the dairy cows were fed 2 times and 48% three times a day, and 78% of which watering at 2 times a day. It was found that all the managers were using salt, but no vitamin-mineral licking block. It was determined that dairy farming managers did not receive support from the technical staff while feeding their animals. The incidence of rare digestive system disorders such as indigestion, diarrhea and tympani was 50% and the incidence of pica was rarely 70% in winter seasons. It was determined that the most important problem with feeding was that the feeds were expensive. As a result; it has been found that dairy farmers in Kars province is fed dairy cows according to their traditional feeding methods, and do not have serious problems with feeding their animals, but it can be expected that especially vitamin and mineral deficiencies and that managers can feed their animals more adequately and balancedly with small guidance. © Ataturk Universitesi. All rights reserved.Öğe Ruminantlarda rumende oluşan metan üretimini azaltmaya yönelik çalışmalar(Atatürk Üniversitesi, 2017) Arslan, Cavit; Çelebi, EsraMethane emitted through rutants in ruminants is induced that both loss of feed energy in the feed and an ecological problem contributing to global warming through its greenhouse effect. It is estimated to be about 18% of the portion originating from ruminates in global warming. Therefore, reduced methane emission by ruminanats has been useful for both economic and ecologic aspects. This review deal with on studies to reduce the emission of methane in ruminants.Öğe Ruminantlarda rumende oluşan metan üretimini azaltmaya yönelik çalışmalar(2017) Arslan, Cavit; Çelebi, EsraRuminantlarda ructus yoluyla salınan metan bir taraftan yemlerle alınan enerjinin kaybına neden olduğu için ekonomik kayba, diğer taraftan sera gazı etkisine sahip olduğu için küresel ısınmaya katkı yapan ekolojik bir probleme sebep olmaktadır. Küresel ısınmanın yaklaşık %18'lik kısmının ruminatlardan kaynaklandığı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu yüzden, ruminantlardan salınan metan gazının azaltılması ekonomik ve ekolojik açıdan faydalı olacaktır. Bu derlemede ruminatlarda metan gazı salınımın azaltılmasına yönelik olarak yapılmış çalışmalar üzerinde durulmuşturÖğe Serbest ve Korunmuş Formdaki? Asi?t Yağın Süt I?nekleri?nde Rumen Fermentasyonu ve Süt Veri?mi? Üzeri?ne Etki?leri?(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2000) Gülşen, Nurettin; İnal, Fatma; Coşkun, Behiç; Umucalılar, H. Derya; Arslan, CavitIn this study, the effects of acidulated sunflower oil, acidulated sunflower oil plus calcium and Ca soap which was prepared from acidulated sunflower oil on some rumen parameters, digestibility milk production and milk production parameters in mid and late lactation periods of dairy cows were determined with two replicated 4x4 latin square design. Acidulated sunflower oil 8%, acidulated sunflower od plus Ca and Ca soap was added 10% to concentrate diets in control group acidulated oil acidulated oil plus Ca and Ca soap groups NH-N levels were determined 125.5. 130.57 120.05 and 129.98 mmol/l, total VFA values were 126.84, 138.35 133.34 and 147.97 mmol in the ruminal fluids respectively and among groups there was not statistically significantly difference ( P > 0.05) Or ganic matter digestibility were found 62 80, 58.49, 57 36 and 56.35%, crude fat digestibility was found 84.31 85.81 92.09 and 92 10% in groups respectively. Organic matter, crude fat crude protein and crude fiber digestibilities were determined statistically non significant among groups (P > 0.05) Dry matter intakes were determined 17.95. 17 42 18 13 and 18.54 kg/day, milk productions were 23.34, 21 15, 19.1 and 21.73 kg/day, respectivelyÖğe Sıvı yem katkı maddesi, Uramel' in ineklerde süt verimi ve kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi(2001) İnal, Fatma; Arslan, Cavit; Çelik, BurakBu araştırma, içeriğinde üre ve melas bulunan sıvı bir yem katkı maddesi olan Uramel'in süt sığırlarında süt verimi ve kompozisyonu üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacyyla yapıldı. Araştırmada, laktasyon başlangıcında ve geç döneminde bulunan 24 adet Siyah Alaca süt ineği kullanıldı. Hayvanlar canlı ağırlık, süt verimi ve laktasyon dönemine göre kontrol ve deneme grubu olarak iki ayrıldı ve ferdi olarak beslendiler, ilk 6 hafta Uramel-30; 100 kg canlı ağırlığa 100 g hesabıyla, son 3 hafta Uramel-42 aynı hesaba göre, iki öğünde konsantre yem üzerine dökülerek verildi. Araştırma 63 gün sürdürüldü. Kontrol ve deneme grubunda ortalama süt verimi, süt yağı ve süt proteini sırasıyla 18.45 ve 19.35 kg/gün, % 2.87 ve 2.47, % 3.29 ve 3.35 olarak bulundu (P0.05). Kaba yem olarak arpa samanı ve şeker pancarı posası verilerek beslenen süt ineklerinde gerek verim artırma gerekse maliyet açısından Uramel kullanımının tavsiye edilebilir olmadığı belirlendi.
